Evaluating the accuracy and usefulness of commercially-available proximal soil mapping services for grassland nutrient management planning and soil health monitoring
Evaluating the accuracy and usefulness of commercially-available proximal soil mapping services for grassland nutrient management planning and soil health monitoring
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DOI：
10.1007/s11119-022-09979-z
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发表时间：
2023-01
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
J. Rhymes;D. Chadwick;A. P. Williams;I. Harris;R. Lark;David Jones
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Rhymes;D. Chadwick;A. P. Williams;I. Harris;R. Lark;David Jones
草原在全球粮食安全中发挥着重要作用。然而，提高反刍动物养殖可持续性的压力越来越大。精确的养分管理工具（例如，用于土壤测绘的近端土壤传感器）提供了通过空间可变养分施用率地图提高养分利用效率的机会。尽管在草原上验证这些技术的研究很少，但商业公司将这些技术推广给草原农民。在这项研究中，提供这些服务的商业公司的准确性进行了评估，通过比较土壤pH值，磷，钾，镁和SOM测量来自传统的土壤采样和实验室分析的测量来自商业运营商，在一系列的土壤是典型的英国草原。结果表明，利用伽马射线光谱（GRS）的土壤测绘服务是不够准确的预测土壤pH值，磷，钾和镁的草原上，随后不适合养分管理规划可变率石灰和养分的应用。相反，GRS和可见-近红外光谱（Vis-NIR）准确地预测了草地土壤中的田间SOM变化，但没有田间变化。这项研究强调，需要进一步的研究，以探讨这些技术在不同的土壤类型和/或土地利用的商业应用之前的普遍应用的局限性和机会。因此，强烈建议商业土壤测绘服务必须经过认证，类似于集中土壤测试实验室，以确保数据对于土壤管理解释是准确的。这类系统缺乏可靠性，会危及农民对土壤测绘价值的信心，这可能严重阻碍未来采用可能有价值的技术。
Grasslands play an important role in global food security. However, there are increasing pressures to improve the sustainability of ruminant farming. Precision nutrient management tools (e.g., proximal soil sensors for soil mapping) offer opportunities to improve nutrient use efficiency through spatially-variable nutrient application rate maps. Despite little research validating these technologies on grasslands, commercial companies promote these technologies to grassland farmers. In this study, the accuracy of commercial companies offering these services was evaluated by comparing soil pH, P, K, Mg and SOM measurements derived from conventional soil sampling and laboratory analyses to measurements derived from the commercial operators, across a range of soils that are typical found in UK grasslands. Results showed that soil mapping services utilising gamma-ray spectroscopy (GRS) were not sufficiently accurate to predict soil pH, P, K and Mg on grasslands, and subsequently inappropriate for nutrient management planning for variable rate lime and nutrient application. Conversely, both GRS and visible-near infrared spectroscopy (Vis–NIR) accurately predicted between-field SOM variations in grassland soils but not within-field variation. This study emphasises the need for further research to explore the limitations of, and opportunities for, the universal application of these technologies across different soil types and/or land uses before their commercial application. It is therefore highly recommended that commercially-available soil mapping services are subject to certification, similar to centralised soil testing laboratories, to ensure data are accurate for soil management interpretation. The lack of reliability of such systems risks farmers’ confidence in the value of soil mapping, which could severely hinder future adoption of potentially valuable technologies.