Successes and challenges of the One Health approach in Kenya over the last decade
Successes and challenges of the One Health approach in Kenya over the last decade
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DOI：
10.1186/s12889-019-6772-7
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发表时间：
2019-05-10
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Widdowson, Marc-Alain
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Munyua, Peninah M.;Njenga, M. Kariuki;Widdowson, Marc-Alain
超过75%的新发传染病是人畜共患疾病，跨学科、多部门的“一个健康”方法是有效预防和控制这些疾病的关键战略。2004年，美国疾病控制和预防中心驻肯尼亚办事处（肯尼亚疾病控制和预防中心）设立了全球疾病检测司，其核心组成部分之一是与其他合作伙伴一起支持公共卫生科学的“一个健康”方法。在高致病性H5N1病毒在全球蔓延和2006年东非多个国家爆发裂谷热等催化事件之后，肯尼亚疾病预防控制中心支持肯尼亚主要政府机构，包括卫生部和农业、畜牧业、建立一个多边框架，国家和县一级的部门合作，以及一个称为人畜共患疾病股的协调办公室。ZDU为肯尼亚提供了一个体制框架，通过能力建设方案、监测、劳动力发展、研究、协调调查和疫情应对，突出地方性和流行性人畜共患病的公共卫生重要性，包括裂谷热、狂犬病、布鲁氏菌病、中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒、炭疽和其他新出现的问题，如抗微生物耐药性。这改善了对疫情的应对，并产生了数据（包括发现新病原体），为疾病控制方案提供了信息，以减轻地方病和流行性人畜共患病的负担，加强对这些疾病的防范，从而加强全球卫生安全。自2014年以来，通过肯尼亚疾病预防控制中心和该国其他合作伙伴实施的全球卫生安全议程为保持这一努力提供了额外的动力，肯尼亚的成就现已成为该区域其他国家的典范。
More than 75% of emerging infectious diseases are zoonotic in origin and a transdisciplinary, multi-sectoral One Health approach is a key strategy for their effective prevention and control. In 2004, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention office in Kenya (CDC Kenya) established the Global Disease Detection Division of which one core component was to support, with other partners, the One Health approach to public health science. After catalytic events such as the global expansion of highly pathogenic H5N1 and the 2006 East African multi-country outbreaks of Rift Valley Fever, CDC Kenya supported key Kenya government institutions including the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, and Fisheries to establish a framework for multi-sectoral collaboration at national and county level and a coordination office referred to as the Zoonotic Disease Unit (ZDU). The ZDU has provided Kenya with an institutional framework to highlight the public health importance of endemic and epidemic zoonoses including RVF, rabies, brucellosis, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus, anthrax and other emerging issues such as anti-microbial resistance through capacity building programs, surveillance, workforce development, research, coordinated investigation and outbreak response. This has led to improved outbreak response, and generated data (including discovery of new pathogens) that has informed disease control programs to reduce burden of and enhance preparedness for endemic and epidemic zoonotic diseases, thereby enhancing global health security. Since 2014, the Global Health Security Agenda implemented through CDC Kenya and other partners in the country has provided additional impetus to maintain this effort and Kenya's achievement now serves as a model for other countries in the region.Significant gaps remain in implementation of the One Health approach at subnational administrative levels; there are sustainability concerns, competing priorities and funding deficiencies.