New penicillin-producing Penicillium species and an overview of section Chrysogena.
New penicillin-producing Penicillium species and an overview of section Chrysogena.
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DOI：
10.3767/003158512x660571
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发表时间：
2012-12
期刊：
影响因子：
9.1
通讯作者：
Samson RA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Houbraken J;Frisvad JC;Seifert KA;Overy DP;Tuthill DM;Valdez JG;Samson RA
产黄青霉属（Penicillium sect. Chrysogena）的种类主要是土传的，最著名的是产黄青霉（P. chrysogenum）和纳焦青霉（P. nalgiovense）。产黄青霉因其在青霉素生产中的作用以及作为室内环境和各种食品和饲料的污染物而受到广泛关注。另一个生物技术上重要的物种是P. nalgiovense，它被用作发酵肉制品生产的真菌发酵剂。以前的分类学研究经常有相互矛盾的物种。在这里，我们提出了一个多基因分析，结合表型特征和extrolite数据，表明组。Chrysogena由18种。其中六种是新发现的（P. allii-sativi、P. desertorum、P. goetzii、P. halotolerans、P. tardochrysogenum、P. vanluykii），而P. lanoscoeruerueru是P. aethiopicum的旧名。每一个物种都有独特的extrolite轮廓。这些种具有相同的表型特征，如在添加5%NaCl的CYA上生长良好，分生孢子梗呈三轮状或四轮状分枝，瓶梗短，壶状（< 9 μm）。分生孢子的颜色、子囊孢子和子囊孢子的产生、分生孢子的形状和排列以及在其他琼脂培养基上的生长速率对种的鉴定有价值。8个种（P. allii-sativi、P. chrysogenum、P. dipodomyis、P. flavigenum、P. nalgiovense、P. rubens、P. tardochrysogenum和P. vanluykii）在培养物中产生青霉素。
Species classified in Penicillium sect. Chrysogena are primary soil-borne and the most well-known members are P. chrysogenum and P. nalgiovense. Penicillium chrysogenum has received much attention because of its role in the production on penicillin and as a contaminant of indoor environments and various food and feedstuffs. Another biotechnologically important species is P. nalgiovense, which is used as a fungal starter culture for the production of fermented meat products. Previous taxonomic studies often had conflicting species circumscriptions. Here, we present a multigene analysis, combined with phenotypic characters and extrolite data, demonstrating that sect. Chrysogena consists of 18 species. Six of these are newly described here (P. allii-sativi, P. desertorum, P. goetzii, P. halotolerans, P. tardochrysogenum, P. vanluykii) and P. lanoscoeruleum was found to be an older name for P. aethiopicum. Each species produces a unique extrolite profile. The species share phenotypic characters, such as good growth on CYA supplemented with 5 % NaCl, ter- or quarterverticillate branched conidiophores and short, ampulliform phialides (< 9 μm). Conidial colours, production of ascomata and ascospores, shape and ornamentation of conidia and growth rates on other agar media are valuable for species identification. Eight species (P. allii-sativi, P. chrysogenum, P. dipodomyis, P. flavigenum, P. nalgiovense, P. rubens, P. tardochrysogenum and P. vanluykii) produce penicillin in culture.