The interaction between neuropsychological and motor deficits in patients after stroke
The interaction between neuropsychological and motor deficits in patients after stroke
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DOI：
10.1212/wnl.0b013e3182762569
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
9.9
通讯作者：
Esquenazi, Alberto
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Christopher;Leys, Didier;Esquenazi, Alberto
中风幸存者通常会经历不同程度的运动和神经心理缺陷。虽然这些缺陷经常被视为独立的实体在认知和身体康复设置，有相当大的相互作用。例如，认知运动干扰是指认知和运动功能的同时表现，导致其中一项或两项任务的执行减少。研究表明，当执行双重任务时，中风后患者通常会更喜欢认知功能而不是运动任务。此外，只有某些认知功能会干扰运动能力，而运动任务的强度可能会放大双任务绩效的损害。此外，情绪障碍，特别是抑郁症，也被证明与身体功能有很大的相互作用。因此，中风后抑郁症患者的日常生活活动减少，恢复率更差。最近的神经影像学研究表明白色物质高信号与卒中后运动和神经心理缺陷之间存在关联。痉挛和认知缺陷之间的关系需要进一步探讨中风后痉挛对生活质量和整体运动功能的有害后果。这些见解，除其他外，有助于一个不断增长的，如果胚胎，身体的知识中风后运动/认知的相互作用，最终将告知治疗和康复的发展。神经病学（R）2013;80（增刊2）：S27-S34
Stroke survivors typically experience varying degrees of motor and neuropsychological deficits. Although these deficits are frequently treated as separate entities in the cognitive and physical rehabilitation settings, there is considerable interaction between them. Cognitive-motor interference, for example, refers to the simultaneous performance of cognitive and motor functions that results in diminished execution of one or both of the tasks. Studies have demonstrated that when performing dual tasks, poststroke patients will typically favor the cognitive function over the motor task. Furthermore, only certain cognitive functions will interfere with motor abilities, while the intensity of the motor task may magnify the detriment in dual-task performance. Moreover, mood disorders, particularly depression, have also been shown to interact substantially with physical functioning. Consequently, poststroke patients with depression experience greater reductions in their activities of daily living and worse rates of recovery. Recent neuroimaging studies suggest an association between white matter hyperintensities and both motor and neuropsychological poststroke deficits. The relationship between spasticity and cognition deficits needs to be further explored with regard to the deleterious consequences of poststroke spasticity on quality of life and overall motor function. These insights, among others, contribute to a growing, if embryonic, body of knowledge about poststroke motor/cognitive interaction that will ultimately inform developments in treatment and rehabilitation. Neurology (R) 2013;80(Suppl 2):S27-S34