Production of bromoform and dibromomethane by Giant Kelp: Factors affecting release and comparison to anthropogenic bromine sources
Production of bromoform and dibromomethane by Giant Kelp: Factors affecting release and comparison to anthropogenic bromine sources
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巨藻生产三溴甲烷和二溴甲烷：影响释放的因素以及与人为溴源的比较
DOI：
10.4319/lo.1997.42.8.1725
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发表时间：
1997
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
M. Lidstrom
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Goodwin;W. North;M. Lidstrom
在加州南部的一种主要大型藻类Macrocystis pyrifera（巨型海带），在整个叶片的实验室培养期间，每天每克新鲜重量（gfwt）产生171 ng CHBr 3和48 ng gfwt−1 d−1 CH2Br 2。在原位孵育的完整的叶子的可比率进行了测量。通过M释放CHBr 3和CH2Br 2。结果表明，影响水藻生理的环境因子可以影响卤代甲烷向大气的释放。从过氧化氢添加的数据表明，溴化甲烷生产过程中的黑暗是有限的溴化物氧化剂供应。为南加州一个地区构建的溴预算表明，使用溴甲烷作为熏蒸剂排放的溴（1 × 108 g Br yr−1）主要来自大型藻类（3 × 106 g Br yr−1）。然而，全球预测表明，海洋藻类（包括微藻）的综合排放为全球循环贡献了大量的溴，其数量级可能与人为来源相同。
Macrocystis pyrifera (Giant Kelp), a dominant macroalgal species in southern California, produced 171 ng per g fresh wt (gfwt) per day of CHBr3 and 48 ng gfwt−1 d−1 of CH2Br2 during laboratory incubations of whole blades. Comparable rates were measured during in situ incubations of intact fronds. Release of CHBr3 and CH2Br2 by M. pyrifera was affected by light and algal photosynthetic activity, suggesting that environmental factors influencing kelp physiology can affect halomethane release to the atmosphere. Data from H2O2 additions suggest that brominated methane production during darkness is limited by bromide oxidant supply. A bromine budget constructed for a region of southern California indicated that bromine emitted from the use of CH3Br as a fumigant (1 × 108 g Br yr−1) dominates macroalgal sources (3 × 106 g Br yr−1). Global projections, however, suggest that combined emissions of marine algae (including microalgae) contribute substantial amounts of bromine to the global cycle, perhaps on the same order of magnitude as anthropogenic sources.