Calcium modulates force sensing by the von Willebrand factor A2 domain.

Calcium modulates force sensing by the von Willebrand factor A2 domain.
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DOI:
10.1038/ncomms1385
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发表时间:
2011-07-12
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
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血管性血友病因子(VWF)多聚体介导了血小板的初次黏附和聚集。VWF的效力关键取决于多聚体的大小,多聚体的大小受一种反馈机制的调节,该反馈机制涉及剪切诱导的VWF-A2结构域的展开和金属蛋白酶ADAMTS-13的切割。在这里,我们报告了关于VWF-A2的结晶学和单分子光钳数据,提供了对钙介导的天然构象稳定的机制洞察,保护A2不被ADAMTS-13切割。当有钙存在时,A2的展开需要更高的力,并且主要通过与非天然钙配位的机械稳定的中间体进行。钙进一步显著加速折叠,特别是在外加载荷下。我们认为,钙通过允许在生理相关的流体动力学条件下进行可逆力转换来提高力感觉。我们的数据首次显示了金属配位与参与机械传感的蛋白质的机械性质的相关性。血管性血友病因子(VWF)多聚体介导了血小板的初次黏附和聚集。Jakobi等人。揭示了VWF-A2结构域中的钙结合部位,并表明钙结合促进了蛋白质的折叠,并在机械传感中发挥了作用。
von Willebrand factor (VWF) multimers mediate primary adhesion and aggregation of platelets. VWF potency critically depends on multimer size, which is regulated by a feedback mechanism involving shear-induced unfolding of the VWF-A2 domain and cleavage by the metalloprotease ADAMTS-13. Here we report crystallographic and single-molecule optical tweezers data on VWF-A2 providing mechanistic insight into calcium-mediated stabilization of the native conformation that protects A2 from cleavage by ADAMTS-13. Unfolding of A2 requires higher forces when calcium is present and primarily proceeds through a mechanically stable intermediate with non-native calcium coordination. Calcium further accelerates refolding markedly, in particular, under applied load. We propose that calcium improves force sensing by allowing reversible force switching under physiologically relevant hydrodynamic conditions. Our data show for the first time the relevance of metal coordination for mechanical properties of a protein involved in mechanosensing. von Willebrand factor (VWF) multimers mediate primary adhesion and aggregation of platelets. Jakobi et al. reveal a calcium-binding site in the VWF-A2 domain, and show that calcium binding encourages folding of the protein and has a role in mechanosensing.
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