Ultrasensitive and Highly Specific Lateral Flow Assays for Point-of-Care Diagnosis
Ultrasensitive and Highly Specific Lateral Flow Assays for Point-of-Care Diagnosis
复制标题
DOI：
10.1021/acsnano.0c10035
复制
发表时间：
2021-02-19
期刊：
影响因子：
17.1
通讯作者：
Bischof, John C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu, Yilin;Zhan, Li;Bischof, John C.
侧向流测定（LFA）是基于纸的床旁（POC）诊断工具，由于其低成本、易用性和快速格式而被广泛使用。不幸的是，传统的商业LFA具有比标准实验室测试（酶联免疫吸附测定，ELISA：pM-fM;聚合酶链反应，PCR：aM）差得多的灵敏度（μ M）和特异性，从而限制了它们在疾病控制中的影响。在这个角度来看，我们审查不断发展的努力，以提高LFA的灵敏度和特异性。最近的工作，以提高灵敏度，通过测定改进包括优化的测定动力学和信号放大的读取系统或额外的试剂。总之，这些努力产生了具有ELISA水平灵敏度（pM-fM）的LFA。此外，在LFA检测之前，样品预扩增可应用于核酸（直接扩增）和其他分析物（间接扩增），这可导致PCR水平（aM）灵敏度。然而，这些扩增策略也增加了检测时间和测定复杂性，这抑制了LFA的大规模POC使用。实现未来快速发展的前景（
Lateral flow assays (LFAs) are paper-based point-of-care (POC) diagnostic tools that are widely used because of their low cost, ease of use, and rapid format. Unfortunately, traditional commercial LFAs have significantly poorer sensitivities (mu M) and specificities than standard laboratory tests (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, ELISA: pM-fM; polymerase chain reaction, PCR: aM), thus limiting their impact in disease control. In this Perspective, we review the evolving efforts to increase the sensitivity and specificity of LFAs. Recent work to improve the sensitivity through assay improvement includes optimization of the assay kinetics and signal amplification by either reader systems or additional reagents. Together, these efforts have produced LFAs with ELISA-level sensitivities (pM-fM). In addition, sample preamplification can be applied to both nucleic acids (direct amplification) and other analytes (indirect amplification) prior to LFA testing, which can lead to PCR-level (aM) sensitivity. However, these amplification strategies also increase the detection time and assay complexity, which inhibits the large-scale POC use of LFAs. Perspectives to achieve future rapid (