Pension Reform in China
Pension Reform in China
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DOI：
10.1080/08959420.2016.1111725
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发表时间：
2016-01-02
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Sun, Li
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu, Tao;Sun, Li
本文分析了中国的养老金安排，指出中国最近建立了一个覆盖城镇非就业工人和所有农村居民的全民非缴费养老金计划，并结合了覆盖城镇职工的养老金计划。此外，在最近的改革中，中国取消了公务员的特殊养老金计划，并将这一特权福利阶层纳入城镇养老保险计划。通过这些步骤，中国实现了一定程度的普遍性和养老金安排的一体化，这在非西方世界是前所未有的。尽管有这种激进的养老金转型战略，我们认为，目前中国的养老金安排代表了一个不完全的普遍主义的情况下。一是效益水平低。此外，各地区的福利水平也各不相同。最后，由于政策捆绑的存在，中国农村的普遍性受到了破坏。此外，我们认为，2015年的养老金改革虽然在一定程度上保持了养老金的分层性，但也造成了养老金制度分层趋于扁平化的局面。
This article analyzes China's pension arrangement and notes that China has recently established a universal non-contributory pension plan covering urban non-employed workers and all rural residents, combined with the pension plan covering urban employees already in place. Further, in the latest reform, China has discontinued the special pension plan for civil servants and integrated this privileged welfare class into the urban old-age pension insurance program. With these steps, China has achieved a degree of universalism and integration of its pension arrangement unprecedented in the non-Western world. Despite this radical pension transformation strategy, we argue that the current Chinese pension arrangement represents a case of incomplete universalism. First, its benefit level is low. Moreover, the benefit level varies from region to region. Finally, universalism in rural China has been undermined due to the existence of the policy bundle. Additionally, we argue that the 2015 pension reform has created a situation in which the stratification of Chinese pension arrangements has been flattened, even though it remains stratified to some extent.