Microbial metabolism of aliphatic alkenes
Microbial metabolism of aliphatic alkenes
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DOI：
10.1021/bi015523d
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发表时间：
2001-05-22
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Ensign, SA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ensign, SA
我们向高度工业化社会的快速转型导致大气中各种碳基气体的浓度增加，包括二氧化碳、一氧化碳、脂肪族和芳香族碳氢化合物以及卤化碳。虽然其中许多气体是作为细菌、植物和哺乳动物新陈代谢的天然中间体或最终产物产生的，但大气中这些气体浓度的增加对人类健康构成风险，并可能通过多种机制破坏我们的生态系统的稳定。因此，人们对微生物将这些气体转化为对环境危害较小的化合物的潜力非常感兴趣。除了识别和利用能够代谢异生物质的细菌的重要性之外，还需要了解细菌代谢这些化合物的基本生物学机制。短链脂肪族烯烃（烯烃）是一类对人类健康存在潜在危害的碳氢化合物，并且能够支持多种细菌的生长（图 1）。对细菌烯烃代谢的研究揭示了以前未被识别的代谢途径、新的和令人惊讶的酶类型以及非典型辅因子的参与。细菌烯烃代谢研究的最新进展是本文的主题。
Our rapid transition to a highly industrialized society has resulted in increased atmospheric concentrations of a variety of carbon-based gases, including CO2, CO, aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, and halocarbons. While many of these gases are produced as natural intermediates or end products of bacterial, plant, and mammalian metabolism, the increased concentrations of these gases in the atmosphere pose human health risks and threaten to destabilize our ecosystems through a variety of mechanisms. Accordingly, there is keen interest in the potential of microorganisms to transform these gases into less environmentally detrimental compounds. In addition to the importance of identifying and exploiting bacteria capable of metabolizing xenobiotics, there is also a need to understand the fundamental biological mechanisms the bacteria employ to metabolize these compounds. Short-chain aliphatic alkenes (olefins) are one class of hydrocarbons of concern as potential human health hazards and that are capable of supporting the growth of a number of bacteria (Figure 1). Studies of bacterial alkene metabolism have revealed the involvement of previously unrecognized metabolic pathways, new and surprising types of enzymes, and atypical cofactors. These recent developments in the study of bacterial alkene metabolism are the topic of this paper.