Short-Term Memory in Networks of Dissociated Cortical Neurons
Short-Term Memory in Networks of Dissociated Cortical Neurons
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.2718-12.2013
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发表时间：
2013-01-30
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
VanDongen, Antonius M. J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dranias, Mark R.;Ju, Han;VanDongen, Antonius M. J.
短期记忆是指在短时间内存储少量刺激特定信息的能力。它同时受到衰落和隐藏记忆过程的支持。衰退记忆依赖于神经元网络中反复出现的活动模式，而隐藏记忆则是使用突触机制编码的，例如易化，即使神经元陷入沉默，这种机制也会持续存在。我们已经使用了一种新的计算和光遗传学方法来研究这些相同的记忆过程是否假设支持模式识别和短期记忆在体内，在体外存在。电生理活动记录从原代培养的解离大鼠皮层神经元上的多电极阵列。用Rhodopsin-2转染培养物，并使用随机点刺激进行光学刺激。使用分类算法分析了由这种刺激引起的神经元活动的模式，该分类算法能够识别刺激特异性记忆。不同的刺激，编码在正在进行的神经活动，褪色的记忆持续存在，并可以区分彼此长达1秒后，刺激终止。通过改变神经元对额外刺激的反应来检测隐藏的记忆，这种效果持续时间超过1秒。有趣的是，网络爆发似乎消除了隐藏的记忆。这些结果与体内类似实验中报道的结果相似，表明可以使用培养的神经元网络研究信息处理和短期记忆的机制，从而为使用该平台的治疗应用奠定基础。
Short-term memory refers to the ability to store small amounts of stimulus-specific information for a short period of time. It is supported by both fading and hidden memory processes. Fading memory relies on recurrent activity patterns in a neuronal network, whereas hidden memory is encoded using synaptic mechanisms, such as facilitation, which persist even when neurons fall silent. We have used a novel computational and optogenetic approach to investigate whether these same memory processes hypothesized to support pattern recognition and short-term memory in vivo, exist in vitro. Electrophysiological activity was recorded from primary cultures of dissociated rat cortical neurons plated on multielectrode arrays. Cultures were transfected with ChannelRhodopsin-2 and optically stimulated using random dot stimuli. The pattern of neuronal activity resulting from this stimulation was analyzed using classification algorithms that enabled the identification of stimulus-specific memories. Fading memories for different stimuli, encoded in ongoing neural activity, persisted and could be distinguished from each other for as long as 1 s after stimulation was terminated. Hidden memories were detected by altered responses of neurons to additional stimulation, and this effect persisted longer than 1 s. Interestingly, network bursts seem to eliminate hidden memories. These results are similar to those that have been reported from similar experiments in vivo and demonstrate that mechanisms of information processing and short-term memory can be studied using cultured neuronal networks, thereby setting the stage for therapeutic applications using this platform.