RNA Granules and Stress Granules in Virus Systems
RNA Granules and Stress Granules in Virus Systems
复制标题
病毒系统中的 RNA 颗粒和应激颗粒
DOI：
10.4167/jbv.2012.42.3.247
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kyongmin Kim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kyongmin Kim
病毒在感染后启动许多细胞应激反应并调节基因调控和RNA的区室化以成为成功的寄生虫。病毒感染可诱导或损害应激颗粒（SG）的形成，以最大限度地提高复制效率。SG和加工体（processing body，PB）是RNA颗粒，其包含作为mRNA沉默灶的无活性转录物池。PB和SG是高度保守的大分子聚集体，可以释放mRNA以允许其翻译。与组成型存在的PB不同，PB可以对刺激做出反应并影响mRNA的翻译和衰变，SG是在细胞应激时特异性诱导的，可以通过多种途径触发全局翻译沉默，包括关键翻译起始因子eIF 2 alpha的磷酸化、tRNA切割和细胞成分的封存等。PB和SG的动态受到多种信号通路的调节，包括组蛋白脱乙酰酶6，并依赖于微丝和微管，以及同源分子马达肌球蛋白、动力蛋白和驱动蛋白。SGs与攻击体和未折叠蛋白的相关聚集体共享特征，并且可能在病理学中起作用。本文综述了近年来病毒与mRNA应激颗粒关系的研究进展。
Viruses initiate a number of cellular stress responses and modulate gene regulation and compartmentalization of RNA upon infection to be successful parasites. Virus infections may induce or impair stress granule (SG) formation to maximize replication efficiency. SGs and processing bodies (PBs) are the RNA granules, which contain translationally inactive pool of transcripts as the mRNA silencing foci. PBs and SGs, the highly conserved macromolecular aggregates, can release mRNAs to allow their translations. Unlike constitutively existing PBs that can respond to stimuli and affect mRNA translation and decay, SGs are specifically induced upon cellular stress and can triggers a global translational silencing by several pathways, including phosphorylation of the key translation initiation factor eIF2alpha, tRNA cleavage, and sequestration of cellular components and so on. The dynamics of PBs and SGs are regulated by several signaling pathways, including histone deacetylase 6, and depend on microfilaments and microtubules, and the cognate molecular motors myosin, dynein, and kinesin. SGs share features with aggresomes and related aggregates of unfolded proteins and may play a role in the pathology. The recent advances in understanding the relationship between viruses and mRNA stress granules are summarized.
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
McInerney, GM;Kedersha, NL;Liljeström, P
通讯作者：
Liljeström, P
影响因子：
30.3
作者：
White, James P.;Cardenas, Ana Maria;Lloyd, Richard E.
通讯作者：
Lloyd, Richard E.