Speciation in Cloudless Sulphurs Gleaned from Complete Genomes.
Speciation in Cloudless Sulphurs Gleaned from Complete Genomes.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/gbe/evw045
复制
发表时间：
2016-03-30
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Grishin NV
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cong Q;Shen J;Warren AD;Borek D;Otwinowski Z;Grishin NV
200 年来，动物学家一直依靠表型来了解动物的进化。对基因型的一瞥，甚至通过几个基因标记，彻底改变了我们对动物系统发育的理解。测序技术的最新进展使研究人员能够使用完整的基因组来研究物种形成机制以及基因型和表型之间的联系。我们对单个野生捕获的无云硫磺（Phoebis sennae）样本进行了测序并组装了完整的基因组。该基因组被用作比较六个样本的基因组的参考，其中三个来自东部种群（俄克拉荷马州和德克萨斯州北部），被称为亚种 Phoebis sennae eubule，三个来自西南种群（德克萨斯州南部），被称为亚种 Phoebis sennae marcellina。虽然这两个亚种仅在表型和线粒体 DNA 方面存在细微差别，但对它们的完整基因组进行比较显示出一致且显着的差异，这些差异比虎燕尾 Pterourus canadensis 和 Pterourus glaucus 之间的差异更为突出。这两个硫类群在组蛋白甲基化调节因子、染色质相关蛋白、生物钟和早期发育蛋白方面存在差异。尽管在全基因组水平上分离良好，但这两个类群均表现出基因渗入，基因流主要来自 P. s.。 Marcellina 至 P. s.尤布勒。渗入基因的功能分析揭示了跨膜转运蛋白的富集。许多转运蛋白负责营养物质的吸收，它们的基因渗入可能对毛虫以更多样化的食物资源为食具有选择性优势。从系统发育角度来看，完整的基因组将粉蝶科与蝶形花科分开，这与之前基于多个基因标记的分析是一致的。
For 200 years, zoologists have relied on phenotypes to learn about the evolution of animals. A glance at the genotype, even through several gene markers, revolutionized our understanding of animal phylogeny. Recent advances in sequencing techniques allow researchers to study speciation mechanisms and the link between genotype and phenotype using complete genomes. We sequenced and assembled a complete genome of the Cloudless Sulphur (Phoebis sennae) from a single wild-caught specimen. This genome was used as reference to compare genomes of six specimens, three from the eastern populations (Oklahoma and north Texas), referred to as a subspecies Phoebis sennae eubule, and three from the southwestern populations (south Texas) known as a subspecies Phoebis sennae marcellina. While the two subspecies differ only subtly in phenotype and mitochondrial DNA, comparison of their complete genomes revealed consistent and significant differences, which are more prominent than those between tiger swallowtails Pterourus canadensis and Pterourus glaucus. The two sulphur taxa differed in histone methylation regulators, chromatin-associated proteins, circadian clock, and early development proteins. Despite being well separated on the whole-genome level, the two taxa show introgression, with gene flow mainly from P. s. marcellina to P. s. eubule. Functional analysis of introgressed genes reveals enrichment in transmembrane transporters. Many transporters are responsible for nutrient uptake, and their introgression may be of selective advantage for caterpillars to feed on more diverse food resources. Phylogenetically, complete genomes place family Pieridae away from Papilionidae, which is consistent with previous analyses based on several gene markers.