ASSOCIATIONS TO ODORS - INTERFERENCE, MNEMONICS, AND VERBAL LABELING
ASSOCIATIONS TO ODORS - INTERFERENCE, MNEMONICS, AND VERBAL LABELING
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DOI：
10.1037/0278-7393.3.1.52
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发表时间：
1977-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
ENGEN, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
LAWLESS, H;ENGEN, T
对113名大学生进行的三个实验表明，在以气味作为刺激物和图片进行多项选择反应的配对联想范式中，在两周的时间内，对气味的第一个联想的记忆要比第二个联想的记忆要好得多。结果表明，第一习得联想的持久性可能是气味记忆持久的原因。学生们报告了建立记忆装置连接气味和图片的调解方案。命名气味任务的延迟表明，尽管命名气味是困难的，但标签可以足够快地生成，它们可以作为配对关联任务中的中介。第三项任务调查了一种现象，即知道一种气味是熟悉的，但无法说出它的名字。在“鼻尖”状态下的受试者被问及气味的质量和气味的名称，并得到有关气味名称的提示。这些s被发现有关于气味质量的信息，但没有关于名字的信息，在舌尖状态中发现。然而，就像在舌尖现象中一样，在舌尖状态下给s的提示通常会导致正确的名字。（25 ref）（PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA，版权所有）
Three experiments with a total of 113 college students showed that, in a paired-associate paradigm using odors as stimuli and pictures for multiple-choice responses, the 1st of 2 associations to an odor was retained far better than the 2nd over a 2-wk period. Results suggest that the persistence of first-learned associations may be responsible for the long-lasting nature of odor memories. Ss reported constructing mediational schemes for mnemonic devices to link the odors and pictures. Latencies for a task of naming odors indicated that although naming odors is difficult, labels could be generated sufficiently fast that they could be employed as mediators in the paired-associate task. A 3rd task investigated the phenomenon of knowing that an odor was familiar but being unable to name it. Ss in this" tip-of-the-nose" state were questioned about the odor quality and the name of the odor and were given hints about the name. These Ss were found to have information available about the odor quality but none for the name as found in the tip-of-the-tongue state. However, as in the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon, hints given to the Ss in the tip-of-the-nose state often led to the correct name.(25 ref)(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)