Response of snow processes to climate change: spatial variability in a small basin in the Spanish Pyrenees
Response of snow processes to climate change: spatial variability in a small basin in the Spanish Pyrenees
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DOI：
10.1002/hyp.9408
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发表时间：
2013-08
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
J. López‐Moreno;J. Pomeroy;J. Revuelto;S. Vicente‐Serrano
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. López‐Moreno;J. Pomeroy;J. Revuelto;S. Vicente‐Serrano
在这项研究中，寒冷地区水文模型平台被用来创建一个高山积雪模型，包括风对雪的再分布和能量平衡融雪，以模拟1996-2009年期间西班牙比利牛斯山一个小的（33公顷）积雪为主的盆地的积雪。流域划分为三个水文响应单元（HRUs），对比地形和空气动力学特征的基础上。进行了敏感性分析，以计算不同的观测条件下的温度和降水的各种组合的雪水当量制度。结果表明，在比利牛斯山脉的这一地区，积雪的年际变化很大，因为它对气候条件非常敏感。虽然盆地很小，很均匀，积雪季节性和积雪的年际演变在每个HRU不同。积雪的变化与温度变化的关系是每1 °C约20%，积雪的持续时间减少了20-30天每°C。融化率随温度的升高而降低，风再分配的雪随温度的降低而增加。降水量变化的幅度和符号可能会显著影响积雪对温度变化的反应。雪对温度和降水的单独和组合变化有非线性响应，无论是变化的幅度还是变化的符号。这是研究盆地气候、地形和吹雪之间复杂相互作用的结果。版权所有© 2012约翰威利父子有限公司.
In this study, the Cold Regions Hydrological Modelling platform was used to create an alpine snow model including wind redistribution of snow and energy balance snowmelt to simulate the snowpack over the period 1996–2009 in a small (33 ha) snow‐dominated basin in the Spanish Pyrenees. The basin was divided into three hydrological response units (HRUs), based on contrasting physiographic and aerodynamic characteristics. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to calculate the snow water equivalent regime for various combinations of temperature and precipitation that differed from observed conditions. The results show that there was large inter‐annual variability in the snowpack in this region of the Pyrenees because of its marked sensitivity to climatic conditions. Although the basin is small and quite homogeneous, snowpack seasonality and inter‐annual evolution of the snowpack varied in each HRU. Snow accumulation change in relation to temperature change was approximately 20% for every 1 °C, and the duration of the snowpack was reduced by 20–30 days per °C. Melting rates decreased with increased temperature, and wind redistribution of snow was higher with decreased temperature. The magnitude and sign of changes in precipitation may markedly affect the response of the snowpack to changes in temperature. There was a non‐linear response of snow to individual and combined changes in temperature and precipitation, with respect to both the magnitude and sign of the change. This was a consequence of the complex interactions among climate, topography and blowing snow in the study basin. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.