Assault related substance use as a predictor of substance use over time within a sample of recent victims of sexual assault.
Assault related substance use as a predictor of substance use over time within a sample of recent victims of sexual assault.
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与攻击相关的药物使用可作为近期性攻击受害者样本中药物随时间使用的预测指标。
DOI：
10.1016/j.addbeh.2012.03.017
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Acierno,RonE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Resnick,HeidiS;Walsh,Kate;McCauley,JennaL;Schumacher,JulieA;Kilpatrick,DeanG;Acierno,RonE
有相当一部分强奸受害者报告说，她们在遭受攻击时使用了药物。这项研究审查了：（1）在强奸后寻求医疗护理的妇女中与攻击有关的大麻或酒精使用的流行率;（2）与攻击时报告的使用相关的敏感性、特异性、阳性和阴性预测能力与攻击前6周的使用、攻击后使用和攻击后滥用相关;以及（3）使用和滥用随时间推移的轨迹，作为在6周攻击前/攻击时间范围内使用、暴露于短暂干预以及攻击前/攻击时间范围使用与干预的相互作用的函数。研究对象为268名寻求性侵犯后医疗服务的妇女，她们在以下时间完成一项或多项随访评估：（1）性侵犯后<3个月;（2）性侵犯后3至6个月;（3）性侵犯后6个月或更长时间。在攻击时使用酒精或大麻分别是攻击前6周内报告使用特定物质和随访时使用或滥用特定物质的一个相当敏感和具体的指标。生长模型显示，在攻击时或攻击前6周内使用酒精或大麻可预测较高的时间1后续酒精和大麻使用和滥用。尽管随着时间的推移，酒精使用或滥用的变化相对较小，但袭击发生时或袭击前6周的酒精使用也预示着在随访过程中酒精使用的急剧下降。有趣的是，在袭击发生时或在6周前接受视频干预的女性报告使用大麻的女性实际上最初使用大麻的比例较低，这种模式随着时间的推移保持稳定。评估筛选，简短的干预和转诊治疗服务的性侵犯受害者寻求攻击后的医疗保健的影响进行了讨论。
Substance use at time of assault is reported by a significant subgroup of rape victims. This study examined: (1) prevalence of assault related marijuana or alcohol use among women seeking post-rape medical care; (2) sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive power associated with reported use at time of assault in association with use in 6weeks pre-assault, post-assault use, and post-assault abuse; and (3) trajectories of use and abuse over time as a function of use in 6weeks pre-assault/assault time frame use, exposure to brief intervention, and interaction of pre-assault/assault time frame use with intervention. Participants were 268 women seeking post-sexual assault medical services completing one or more follow-up assessment at: (1) <3months post-assault; (2) 3 to 6months post-assault; and (3) 6months or longer post-assault. Use of alcohol or marijuana at time of assault was a fairly sensitive and specific indicator respectively, of reported use of specific substance in the 6weeks preceding assault and use or abuse at follow-up. Growth modeling revealed that use of alcohol or marijuana at the time of the assault or in the 6weeks prior to assault predicted higher Time 1 follow-up alcohol and marijuana use and abuse. Although there was relatively little change in use or abuse over time, alcohol use at time of the assault or in the 6weeks prior also predicted a steeper decline in alcohol use over the course of follow-up. Interestingly, women who reported using marijuana at the time of the assault or in the 6weeks prior who also received a video intervention actually had lower initial marijuana use, a pattern that remained stable over time. Implications for evaluating screening, brief intervention and referral to treatment services among sexual assault victims seeking post-assault medical care are discussed.