Hemodynamic adaptations to exercise.
Hemodynamic adaptations to exercise.
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血流动力学对运动的适应。
DOI：
10.1016/0002-9149(85)91054-9
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发表时间：
1985
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
B. Saltin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. Saltin
目前尚不清楚是中央血流动力学因素还是外周（血管或代谢）因素限制了最大摄氧量。通过测量运动肌肉的血流量和摄氧量，当只有一小部分肌肉参与运动时，已经证明人类骨骼肌可以容纳至少200毫升/100克分钟的血流量，并在穷尽运动中消耗300毫升/100克分钟的血流量。因此，在全身运动中，限制因素是心脏输送氧气的能力，而不是肌肉。还观察到，在肌肉高灌注时，动静脉02差异很小（14 ~ 15 vol %），低氧提取与红细胞通过毛细血管的平均传递时间（MTT）有关。结论是，耐力训练中毛细血管床的扩大主要不是为了适应血流，而是为了维持或延长MTT。人们还得出结论，在全身运动中，肌肉接受血液的能力比心脏提供血液的能力高出2到3倍。因此，血管收缩张力也必须存在于“喂养”运动肌肉的动脉中。
It is not currently known whether central hemodynamic or peripheral (vascular or metabolic) factors limit maximal oxygen uptake. By measuring the blood flow and oxygen uptake of exercising muscles when only a small fraction of the total muscle mass is engaged In exercise, it has been demonstrated that the skeletal muscle of man could accommodate a blood flow of at least 200 ml/100 g min, and consume 300 ml 02/100 g min at exhaustive exercise. Thus, in whole body exercise the limiting factor is the capacity of the heart to deliver oxygen, not the muscle. It has also been observed that at high perfusion of the muscle the arteriovenous 02difference is small (14 to 15 vol %), and that the low extraction of oxygen is related to the mean transit time (MTT) of red blood cells passing through the capillaries. It has been concluded that the primary importance of enlargement of the capillary bed with endurance training Is not to accommodate flow but to maintain or elongate MTT. It has also been concluded that, in whole body exercise, the capacity of the muscles to receive a flow exceeds by a factor of 2 to 3 the capacity of the heart to supply the flow. Thus, vasoconstrictor tone must also be present in the arteries that “feed” exercising muscles.