Neuroendocrine Effects of Apomorphine: Characterization of Response Patterns and Application to Schizophrenia Research
Neuroendocrine Effects of Apomorphine: Characterization of Response Patterns and Application to Schizophrenia Research
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阿扑吗啡的神经内分泌作用：反应模式的表征及其在精神分裂症研究中的应用
DOI：
10.1192/bjp.135.5.444
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发表时间：
1979
影响因子：
10.5
通讯作者：
E. Sachar
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Rotrosen;B. Angrist;S. Gershon;Jean;Laura Branchey;M. Oleshansky;F. Halpern;E. Sachar
摘要 阿扑吗啡是一种直接作用的多巴胺激动剂，可刺激垂体前叶释放生长激素 (hGH) 并抑制催乳素 (PRL) 的释放。先前的研究比较了精神分裂症患者和对照组这些反应的强度，表明许多急性（和一些慢性）精神分裂症患者夸大了 hGH 反应；许多慢性精神分裂症患者（以及迟发性运动障碍患者）对阿扑吗啡的 hGH 反应减弱，并且可能还减弱了 PRL 反应。目前的研究扩展并证实了慢性精神分裂症患者的这些发现。此外，还进行了几项研究以进一步表征这些阿朴吗啡引起的内分泌反应。对 5 名受试者中每人分别给予 2 或 3 次阿朴吗啡的研究表明，hGH 反应是一个高度可重复的个体指标，但 PRL 抑制是一个不太令人满意的指标。氟哌啶醇预处理始终拮抗阿扑吗啡对 hGH 的反应，这支持了阿扑吗啡的 hGH 释放作用是通过其对多巴胺受体的作用介导的概念。赛庚啶预处理与 hGH 对阿扑吗啡反应的不稳定增加或减少有关，但不会改变 PRL 水平或阿扑吗啡诱导的 PRL 抑制。讨论了这些发现与精神分裂症的生物学假说以及精神安定药诱导的受体变化的关系。
Summary Apomorphine, a direct-acting dopamine agonist, stimulates release of growth hormone (hGH) and suppresses release of prolactin (PRL) from the anterior pituitary. Previous studies comparing the magnitude of these responses in schizophrenics and controls suggest that many acute (and some chronic) schizophrenics have exaggerated hGH responses; many chronic schizophrenics (and patients with tardive dyskinesia) have blunted hGH responses to apomorphine, and possibly blunted PRL responses. The present studies extend and confirm these findings in chronic schizophrenics; in addition, several studies were undertaken to further characterize these apomorphine-induced endocrine responses. Studies in which apomorphine was given on 2 or 3 separate occasions to each of five subjects indicate that the hGH response is a highly reproducible individual index, but PRL suppression is a less satisfactory measure. hGH responses to apomorphine were consistently antagonized by pretreatment with haloperidol, supporting the concept that the hGH-releasing effect of apomorphine is mediated by its action on dopamine receptors. Cyproheptadine pretreatment was associated with erratic increases or decreases in the hGH response to apomorphine, but did not alter PRL levels or apomorphine-induced PRL suppression. The relationship of these findings to biological hypotheses of schizophrenia and to neuroleptic-induced receptor changes is discussed.