Spatial-Temporal Evolution of Land Use/Cover Change in Middle Section of Heihe Basin Since 1975
Spatial-Temporal Evolution of Land Use/Cover Change in Middle Section of Heihe Basin Since 1975
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发表时间：
2012
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通讯作者：
Liu Chao
中科院分区：
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作者：
Liu Chao
黑河是我国西北干旱区最重要的内陆河之一。近年来，随着经济和人口的快速增长，黑河流域面临着日益恶化的生态环境。因此，分析黑河流域土地利用/覆被变化及其驱动力和生态环境问题具有重要而紧迫的意义。以黑河流域中段为研究区域，选取1975、1987、1992、2001和2010年的遥感图像作为基础数据，采用相关分析方法和主成分分析方法，结合传递矩阵，对黑河流域土地利用/覆被变化及其驱动因素、生态环境问题进行综合分析。结果表明，在1975年以后的35年间，耕地和城乡住房及公共设施用地和工矿用地的比重分别稳步扩大了5.6个百分点和0.46个百分点，草地和水面面积分别减少了3.87×104hm2和0.41万hm2。在研究的各类土地利用中，耕地的变化幅度最大，达到了0.160 4%，其次是草地。草地退耕还田和荒地面积分别减少了3.87亿hm2和0.41万hm2。退耕还草、退耕还草、退耕还草是土地利用变化的主要趋势，推动土地利用变化的主要动力是社会经济的发展。
The Heihe River is one of the most important inland rivers in the northwest arid region of China.With its economy and population growing rapidly,the Heihe basin is faced with deteriorating ecological environment in recent years.Therefore,it is very important and urgent to analyze changes in land use/cover in the area,and their driving forces,and eco-environment problems.The middle section of Heihe basin was chosen as a research area,of which the remote-sensing images of 1975,1987,1992,2001 and 2010 were picked as basic data for comprehensive analysis using correlation analysis method and principal component analysis method in combination with transfer matrix.Variation amplitude,dynamic degree and intensity of land use were set as indices.Results show that within 35 years after 1975,the proportions of cultivated land and land for urban and rural housing and public facilities and for industrial and mining expanded steadily by 5.60 and 0.46 percentage points,respectively,and the area of grassland and water surface decreased by 3.87×104 and 0.41×104 hm2,respectively.Among the various types of land use in the study,cultivated land was the highest in variation amplitude,reaching 0.160 4% and was followed by grassland.The conversions of grassland into farmland and wasteland,and the conversion of wasteland into farmland and grassland and the conversion of forestland into grassland and vice versa were the main trends of the landuse variation.The major force driving the variation of the land use is development of the social economy.