SCHEMAS AND IMAGES AS MEMORY AIDS - 2 MODES OF PROCESSING SOCIAL INFORMATION
SCHEMAS AND IMAGES AS MEMORY AIDS - 2 MODES OF PROCESSING SOCIAL INFORMATION
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.38.2.257
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发表时间：
1980-01-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
LORD, CG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
LORD, CG
提出图式，即以言语或命题为特征的信息结构，作为记忆辅助工具对自我信息的记忆比对他人信息的记忆更有效。也有人提出，图像，即具有视觉或想象特征的信息结构，作为记忆辅助工具，对他人的信息比对自己的信息更有效。进行了两个平行实验。在实验1中，24名大学生被要求判断各种描述自己或他人的特征形容词是否对自我指涉词表现出更高的后续回忆。在实验II中，24名大学生被要求形成自己或他人与各种具体物体互动的心理图像，他们对自我指涉词的后续回忆较差。这些不同的结果和目前的一些发现表明图式和图像可能涉及不同的认知原则，构成了处理社会信息的两种模式。（38 ref）（PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA，版权所有）
Proposes that schemas, informational structures characterized as verbal or propositional, are more effective as memory aids for information about the self than for information about other people. It is also proposed that images, informational structures characterized as visual or imaginal, are more effective as memory aids for information about other people than for information about the self. Two parallel experiments were performed. In Exp I, 24 undergraduates who were asked to decide whether various trait adjectives described either themselves or other people showed superior subsequent recall for the self-referent words. In Exp II, 24 undergraduates asked to form mental images of either themselves or other people interacting with various concrete objects showed inferior subsequent recall for the self-referent words. These divergent results and several current findings suggest that schemas and images may involve different cognitive principles and constitute 2 modes of processing social information.(38 ref)(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)