Parasite diversity as an indicator of environmental change? An example from tropical grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) mariculture in Indonesia
Parasite diversity as an indicator of environmental change? An example from tropical grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) mariculture in Indonesia
复制标题
DOI：
10.1017/s0031182011000011
复制
发表时间：
2011-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Rueckert, S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Palm, H. W.;Kleinertz, S.;Rueckert, S.
鱼类寄生虫被用来监测长期变化的鳍石斑鱼在印度尼西亚的海水养殖。于2003/04至2008/09年度连续六年共抽取210只褐点石斑鱼样本进行寄生虫检查。这些鱼是从2001年开放的商业化海水养殖设施的浮动网箱中获得的。动物区系种类丰富，包括10个外寄生虫和18个内寄生虫种。外寄生虫的多样性和组成相对稳定，与单殖吸虫伪杆线虫属。2003/04-2005/06年，四叶目幼虫Scolex pleuronectis和线虫Terranova sp.和Raphidascaris sp. 1的数量非常丰富（最大值为100%）。患病率S.胸膜炎40%，Terranova sp. 57%，针蛔虫sp. 1 100%），并在2008/09年之前大幅减少。这些寄生虫与车轮虫属的流行一起，体外/体内寄生虫比率和体内寄生虫多样性说明多年来饲养条件发生了重大变化。这可能是指管理方法（如饲料使用和鱼类处理）的明确变化，也可能是指相对不受干扰的海洋环境可能过渡到受影响更大的栖息地。通过可视化的所有参数在一个单一的图表，我们表明，鱼类寄生虫是有用的生物指标，以监测长期变化，在印尼石斑鱼海水养殖。这也表明石斑鱼可以用来监测野生环境的变化。在采样较少的区域进一步开展分类和系统工作，大大有助于这一新的应用，支持其他热带海洋生境的鱼类养殖和环境影响监测。
Fish parasites are used to monitor long-term change in finfish grouper mariculture in Indonesia. A total of 210 Epinephelus fuscoguttatus were sampled in six consecutive years between 2003/04 and 2008/09 and examined for parasites. The fish were obtained from floating net cages of a commercially run mariculture facility that opened in 2001. The fauna was species rich, consisting of ten ecto-and 18 endoparasite species. The ectoparasite diversity and composition was relatively stable, with the monogeneans Pseudorhabdosynochus spp. (83-100% prevalence, Berger-Parker Index of 0.82-0.97) being the predominant taxon. Tetraphyllidean larvae Scolex pleuronectis and the nematodes Terranova sp. and Raphidascaris sp. 1 were highly abundant in 2003/04-2005/06 (max. prevalence S. pleuronectis 40%, Terranova sp. 57%, Raphidascaris sp. 1 100%), and drastically reduced until 2008/09. These parasites together with the prevalence of Trichodina spp., ecto-/endoparasite ratio and endoparasite diversity illustrate a significant change in holding conditions over the years. This can be either referred to a definite change in management methods such as feed use and fish treatment, or a possible transition of a relatively undisturbed marine environment into a more affected habitat. By visualizing all parameters within a single diagram, we demonstrate that fish parasites are useful bioindicators to monitor long-term change in Indonesian grouper mariculture. This also indicates that groupers can be used to monitor environmental change in the wild. Further taxonomic and systematic efforts in less sampled regions significantly contributes to this new application, supporting fish culture and environmental impact monitoring also in other tropical marine habitats.