Climatic forcing of nitrogen oxides through changes in tropospheric ozone and methane; global 3D model studies
Climatic forcing of nitrogen oxides through changes in tropospheric ozone and methane; global 3D model studies
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DOI：
10.1016/s1352-2310(98)00217-9
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发表时间：
1999-03-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Wang, WC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fuglestvedt, JS;Berntsen, TK;Wang, WC
利用三维全球化学示踪模式和辐射传输模式研究了氮氧化物排放对气候辐射强迫的作用。通过对流层中O-3的产生，O-NOx的排放导致正的辐射强迫和变暖.但是通过影响OH自由基的浓度，NOx也降低了CH4的水平，从而产生负强迫和冷却。氮氧化物的寿命从数小时到数天不等，氮氧化物的水平在空间上有很大的变化。我们选择了代表不同化学和物理条件的地理区域，研究了每个区域减少20% NOx排放的化学和辐射效应。由于在O-3化学的非线性以及对流活动的差异，有很大的地理差异，在O-3的NOx的影响，以及在每年的变化曲线的变化。NOx排放对甲烷的影响也被发现取决于本地化的排放。计算出的臭氧和甲烷强迫的大小相似，但符号相反。甲烷效应在全球范围内发生作用，延迟时间约为十年，而臭氧效应则具有区域性，持续数周。(C)1999 Elsevier Science Ltd.保留所有权利。
A three-dimensional global chemical tracer model and a radiation transfer model have been used to study the role of NOx emissions for radiative forcing of climate. Through production of tropospheric O-3,O- NOx emissions lead to positive radiative forcing and warming. But by affecting the concentration of OH radicals, NOx also reduces the levels of CH4, thereby giving negative forcing and cooling. The lifetime of NOx varies from hours to days, giving large spatial variations in the levels of NOx. We have selected geographical regions representing different chemical and physical conditions, and chemical and radiative effects of reducing NOx emissions by 20% in each region are studied. Due to nonlinearities in the O-3 chemistry as well as differences in convective activity, there are large geographical differences in the effect of NOx on O-3 as well as variations in the annual profile of the changes. The effect of NOx emissions on methane is also found to depend on the localisation of the emissions. The calculated ozone and methane forcing are of similar magnitude but of opposite sign. The methane effect acts on a global scale with a delay of approximately a decade, while the ozone effect is of regional character and occurs during weeks. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.