Knock-knock, who’s there: Sex-coding, competition and the energetics of tapping communication in the tok-tok beetle, Psammodes striatus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
Knock-knock, who’s there: Sex-coding, competition and the energetics of tapping communication in the tok-tok beetle, Psammodes striatus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
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敲敲门，谁在那儿：托克托克甲虫 Psammodes striatus（鞘翅目：步甲科）的性别编码、竞争和敲击交流的能量
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发表时间：
2019
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通讯作者：
J. Lighton
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作者：
J. Lighton
我描述了南部非洲拟步甲虫 Psammodes striatus (Fabricius, 1775)（鞘翅目：步甲科：Molurini）的腹部-基质敲击通信系统，使用计算机模拟敲击信号和计算机辅助采集精确的响应定时数据，并用来自自然甲虫-甲虫通信的数据进行增强。通信由成组的 5 - 7 Hz 抽头序列或以 2-3 秒间隔分隔的序列组成。雄性甲虫自发地产生一组敲击列，每列有 8 - 18 个敲击。如果其他甲虫做出回应，就会开始交替二重唱。独居的雌性甲虫不会自发地敲击，而是用包含 4 – 6 个敲击的短而独特的敲击序列对雄性敲击做出反应；他们忽视女性信号。相比之下，雄性甲虫之间发生广泛的交流，如果刺激叫声是雄性或雌性甲虫的典型特征，则交流的性质会发生显着变化。雄性间的交流由长的敲击序列组成，但雄性与雌性互动时会产生较短的敲击序列，并进行雄性间交流中不存在的趋音行为。雌性对雄性之间的交流非常感兴趣，而不是对单身雄性自发产生的信号做出反应。最后，我提出了一个简单的模型来描述这种不寻常的通信系统的选择性优势，并计算其对随机运动的近似能量杠杆（∼13x）。
I describe the abdomino-substratal tapping communication system of a Southern African tenebrionid beetle, Psammodes striatus (Fabricius, 1775) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Molurini), using computer simulation of tapping signals and computer-assisted acquisition of precise response timing data, augmented with data from natural beetle-beetle communication. Communication consists of trains of 5 - 7 Hz taps in groups or trains separated by 2-3 sec intervals. Male beetles spontaneously produce groups of tap-trains with 8 - 18 taps per train. If other beetles reply, an alternating duet commences. Solitary female beetles do not tap spontaneously but respond to male tapping with short, distinctive tap-trains containing 4 – 6 taps; they ignore female signals. In contrast, extensive communication occurs between male beetles, the nature of which changes significantly if the stimulus call is typical of male or of female beetles. Inter-male communication consists of long tap-trains, but males interacting with females produce shorter tap-trains and engage in phonotactic behavior that is absent in inter-male communication. Females respond highly preferentially to inter-male communication, rather than to the signals produced spontaneously by single males. Finally, I propose a simple model of the selective advantages of this unusual communication system, and calculate its approximate energetic leverage over random locomotion (∼13x).