Carnivorous mammals from the middle Eocene Washakie Formation, Wyoming, USA, and their diversity trajectory in a post-warming world

Carnivorous mammals from the middle Eocene Washakie Formation, Wyoming, USA, and their diversity trajectory in a post-warming world
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美国怀俄明州始新世中期瓦什基组的食肉哺乳动物及其在变暖后世界中的多样性轨迹

DOI:
10.1017/jpa.2020.74
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
1.4
通讯作者:
Flynn, John J.
Flynn, John J.
中科院分区:
地球科学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Tomiya, Susumu;Zack, Shawn P.;Spaulding, Michelle;Flynn, John J.

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美国怀俄明州始新世中期的瓦沙基组在一个单一的沉积盆地内提供了一个罕见的窗口,进入始新世早期变暖事件之后的动物群过渡。根据广泛的检查,我们报告了至少27种食肉哺乳动物从这个形成,以前的分类计数的两倍多。在这个修订的列表中包括一个新的食肉目物种,Neovulpavus mccarrollin。sp.,以及多达十种其他可能的新分类群。我们的支序分析早期Carnivoraformes结合新的数据澄清了一系列的始新世中期类群是密切相关的冠组食肉动物。这些解剖学上相对衍生的食肉类动物在北美和东亚有洲际分布,在体型和牙齿适应方面表现出显着的差异。这一时期也看到了平行的趋势,增加身体大小和牙齿sectoriality在遥远的相关血统的食肉动物跨越广泛的身体大小。一个新的,基于模型的贝叶斯分析的多样性动态占不完善的检测揭示了一个很高的概率大幅损失的食肉动物物种之间的后期Bridgerian和早期Uintan北美陆地哺乳动物的“时代”,与以前常见的哺乳动物,如hyopsodontids和adapiform灵长类动物的消失。伴随着食肉动物多样性的下降,瓦沙基脊椎动物区系经历了显着的解体,在地方一级协调检测类群的模式。这些观察结果与该地区因气候引起的森林栖息地开放而发生的重大生物经济转型相一致。UUID:http://zoobank.org/9162f1a6-a12c-4d55-ba1d-dc66e8cda261
The middle Eocene Washakie Formation of Wyoming, USA, provides a rare window, within a single depositional basin, into the faunal transition that followed the early Eocene warming events. Based on extensive examination, we report a minimum of 27 species of carnivorous mammals from this formation, more than doubling the previous taxic count. Included in this revised list are a new species of carnivoraform,Neovulpavus mccarrollin. sp., and up to ten other possibly new taxa. Our cladistic analysis of early Carnivoraformes incorporating new data clarified the array of middle Eocene taxa that are closely related to crown-group Carnivora. These anatomically relatively derived carnivoraforms collectively had an intercontinental distribution in North America and east Asia, exhibiting notable variations in body size and dental adaptation. This time period also saw parallel trends of increase in body size and dental sectoriality in distantly related lineages of carnivores spanning a wide range of body sizes. A new, model-based Bayesian analysis of diversity dynamics accounting for imperfect detection revealed a high probability of substantial loss of carnivore species between the late Bridgerian and early Uintan North American Land Mammal ‘Ages’, coinciding with the disappearance of formerly common mammals such as hyopsodontids and adapiform primates. Concomitant with this decline in carnivore diversity, the Washakie vertebrate fauna underwent significant disintegration, as measured by patterns of coordinated detection of taxa at the locality level. These observations are consistent with a major biomic transition in the region in response to climatically induced opening-up of forested habitats.UUID: http://zoobank.org/9162f1a6-a12c-4d55-ba1d-dc66e8cda261
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