Cellular automaton models for competition in patchy environments: Facilitation, inhibition, and tolerance
Cellular automaton models for competition in patchy environments: Facilitation, inhibition, and tolerance
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DOI：
10.1006/bulm.1999.0090
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发表时间：
1999-07-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Etter, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Caswell, H;Etter, R
我们已经开发了两个物种在零星环境中竞争的元胞自动机模型。我们已经建立了三种常见的竞争类型的模型：促进(在这种情况下，获胜的物种只能在失败的物种到达后才能殖民)，抑制(在这种情况下，任何一个物种都能够阻止另一个物种的殖民)和容忍(在这种情况下，最能容忍资源水平减少的物种获胜)。斑块的状态是由每个物种的存在与否来定义的。状态转移概率由扰动率、竞争排斥率和殖民率决定。殖民仅限于邻近的小块土地。在所有三个模型中，干扰允许被当地竞争排除在外的物种在区域内持续存在。在中等干扰频率时，持久性最大，因此多样性最大。如果干扰和扩散速率足够高，劣势竞争者就不需要有扩散优势来维持下去。使用一种新的方法来测量名义数据的空间模式，我们表明这些竞争模型在均衡时都不会产生斑块。然而，在抑制模型中，瞬时斑块的衰减非常缓慢。我们比较了元胞自动机模型和相应的平均场斑块占用模型，在该模型中，定植并不局限于邻近的斑块，而是取决于空间平均物种频率。斑块占有率模型很好地预测了物种的平衡频率和共存所需的条件，但不能预测瞬时行为。(C)1999年数学生物学会。
We have developed cellular automaton models for two species competing in a patchy environment. We have modeled three common types of competition: facilitation (in which the winning species can colonize only after the losing species has arrived) inhibition (in which either species is able to prevent the other from colonizing) and tolerance (in which the species most tolerant of reduced resource levels wins). The state of a patch is defined by the presence or absence of each species. State transition probabilities are determined by rates of disturbance, competitive exclusion, and colonization. Colonization is restricted to neighboring patches. In all three models, disturbance permits regional persistence of species that are excluded by competition locally. Persistence, and hence diversity, is maximized at intermediate disturbance frequencies. If disturbance and dispersal rates are sufficiently high, the inferior competitor need not have a dispersal advantage to persist. Using a new method for measuring the spatial patterns of nominal data, we show that none of these competition models generates patchiness at equilibrium. In the inhibition model, however, transient patchiness decays very slowly. We compare the cellular automaton models to the corresponding mean-field patch-occupancy models, in which colonization is not restricted to neighboring patches and depends on spatially averaged species frequencies. The patch-occupancy model does an excellent job of predicting the equilibrium frequencies of the species and the conditions required for coexistence, but not of predicting transient behavior. (C) 1999 Society for Mathematical Biology.