T1 Relaxivities of Gadolinium-Based Magnetic Resonance Contrast Agents in Human Whole Blood at 1.5, 3, and 7 T
T1 Relaxivities of Gadolinium-Based Magnetic Resonance Contrast Agents in Human Whole Blood at 1.5, 3, and 7 T
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DOI：
10.1097/rli.0000000000000132
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发表时间：
2015-05-01
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Runge, Val M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shen, Yaqi;Goerner, Frank L.;Runge, Val M.
目的：准确计算钆基磁共振造影剂（GBCA）的T1弛豫率（r（1））值是一个复杂的过程。因此，1.5 T、3 T和7 T下GBCA的通常参考r（1）值是基于在无临床相关性的培养基中获得的测量值，这些测量值仅来自少量浓度，或仅可用于有限数量的GBCA。本研究推导了1.5 T、3 T和7 T下8种市售GBCA在人全血中的r（1）值。材料和方法：将8种GBCA在人全血中连续稀释，在0.0625至4 mM的7种浓度下。定制的体模将稀释液保持在气密圆柱形管中，通过加热保持在37 +/- 0.5 ℃。循环系统使用反转恢复序列获取图像，反转时间在1.5 T和3 T下为30毫秒至10秒，在7 T下为60毫秒至5秒。使用自定义MATLAB程序自动测量从体模采集的图像的信号强度。使用SigmaPlot计算T1弛豫时间，最后计算r（1）。在1.5 T（3 T/7 T）下测量的r（1）值（单位：s（-1）.mM（-1））为3.9 +/- 0.2（3.4 +/- 0.4/2.8 +/- 0.4）对于Gd-DOTA，4.6 +/- 0.2（4.5 +/- 0.3/4.2 +/- 0.3）Gd-DO 3A-丁醇，4.3 +/- 0.4（3.8 +/- 0.2/3.1 +/- 0.4）Gd-DTPA，6.2 +/- 0.5（5.4 +/- 0.3/4.7 +/- 0.1）对于Gd-BOPTA，4.5 +/- 0.1（3.9 +/- 0.2/3.7 +/- 0.2）对于Gd-DTPA-BMA，4.4 +/- 0.2（4.2 +/- 0.2/4.3 +/- 0.2），Gd-EOB-DTPA为7.2 +/- 0.2（5.5 +/- 0.3/4.9 +/- 0.1），Gd-HP-DO 3A为4.4 +/- 0.6（3.5 +/- 0.6/3.4 +/- 0.1）。该代理商可以分层弛豫，与一个显着的额外依赖于field strength.Conclusions：本报告量化，第一次，T1弛豫所有8钆螯合物在全球范围内的临床常用，在当前相关的场强，在人体全血在生理温度（37摄氏度）。测量的r（1）值与先前发表的值有很小的不同，其中存在这种比较，当前的r（1）测量与临床实践最相关。与2种稳定性差得多的线性试剂Gd-DTPA-BMA和Gd-DTPA-BMEA相比，大环试剂（Gd-DO 3A-butrol除外）的r（1）值略低。在1.5和3 T下，具有肝胆排泄的两种药物Gd-EOB-DTPA和Gd-BOPTA的r（1）值显著高于所有其他药物。
Objectives: Calculation of accurate T1 relaxivity (r(1)) values for gadolinium-based magnetic resonance contrast agents (GBCAs) is a complex process. As such, often referenced r(1) values for the GBCAs at 1.5 T, 3 T, and 7 T are based on measurements obtained in media that are not clinically relevant, derived from only a small number of concentrations, or available for only a limited number of GBCAs. This study derives the r(1) values of the 8 commercially available GBCAs in human whole blood at 1.5 T, 3 T, and 7 T.Materials and Methods: Eight GBCAs were serially diluted in human whole blood, at 7 concentrations from 0.0625 to 4 mM. A custom-built phantom held the dilutions in air-tight cylindrical tubes maintained at 37 +/- 0.5 degrees C by a heat-circulating system. Images were acquired using inversion recovery sequences with inversion times from 30 milliseconds to 10 seconds at 1.5 T and 3 T as well as 60 milliseconds to 5 seconds at 7 T. A custom MATLAB program was used to automate signal intensity measurements from the images acquired of the phantom. SigmaPlot was used to calculate T1 relaxation times and, finally, r(1).Results: Measured r(1) values in units of s(-1).mM(-1) at 1.5 T (3 T/7 T) were 3.9 +/- 0.2 (3.4 +/- 0.4/2.8 +/- 0.4) for Gd-DOTA, 4.6 +/- 0.2 (4.5 +/- 0.3/4.2 +/- 0.3) for Gd-DO3A-butrol, 4.3 +/- 0.4 (3.8 +/- 0.2/3.1 +/- 0.4) for Gd-DTPA, 6.2 +/- 0.5 (5.4 +/- 0.3/4.7 +/- 0.1) for Gd-BOPTA, 4.5 +/- 0.1 (3.9 +/- 0.2/3.7 +/- 0.2) for Gd-DTPA-BMA, 4.4 +/- 0.2 (4.2 +/- 0.2/4.3 +/- 0.2) for Gd-DTPA-BMEA, 7.2 +/- 0.2 (5.5 +/- 0.3/4.9 +/- 0.1) for Gd-EOB-DTPA, and 4.4 +/- 0.6 (3.5 +/- 0.6/3.4 +/- 0.1) for Gd-HP-DO3A. The agents can be stratified by relaxivity, with a significant additional dependency on field strength.Conclusions: This report quantifies, for the first time, T1 relaxivity for all 8 gadolinium chelates in common clinical use worldwide, at current relevant field strengths, in human whole blood at physiological temperature (37 degrees C). The measured r(1) values differ to a small degree from previously published values, where such comparisons exist, with the current r(1) measurements being that most relevant to clinical practice. The macrocyclic agents, with the exception of Gd-DO3A-butrol, have slightly lower r(1) values when compared with the 2 much less stable linear agents, Gd-DTPA-BMA and Gd-DTPA-BMEA. The 2 agents with hepatobiliary excretion, Gd-EOB-DTPA and Gd-BOPTA, have, at 1.5 and 3 T, substantially higher r(1) values than all other agents.