Infant feeding practices and associated factors in the first six months of life:: The Norwegian Infant Nutrition Survey
Infant feeding practices and associated factors in the first six months of life:: The Norwegian Infant Nutrition Survey
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1651-2227.2003.tb00519.x
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发表时间：
2003-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Bjorneboe, GEA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lande, B;Andersen, LF;Bjorneboe, GEA
目的：根据建议描述和评估婴儿出生后 6 个月内的喂养实践，并研究与母亲和婴儿特征相关的婴儿喂养实践。方法：通过自我管理的半定量食物频率调查问卷收集了 2383 名 6 个月大的挪威婴儿的数据，该问卷测量了 6 个月大时的喂养行为以及回顾性地测量小于或等于 5.5 个月大时的喂养行为。结果：只有 1% 的婴儿从未接受过母乳喂养。母乳喂养婴儿的比例在1个月时为96%，在4个月时为85%，在6个月时为80%。 1个月时纯母乳喂养的婴儿比例为90%，4个月时为44%，6个月时为7%。 21% 的婴儿在 4 个月之前开始接触固体食物。对于 4 个月纯母乳喂养、6 个月母乳喂养和及时引入固体食物（不早于 4 个月），发现母亲年龄、教育程度和城市化程度存在显着的积极趋势。研究发现母亲吸烟呈负相关。此外，4个月时纯母乳喂养与婴儿性别和婚姻状况有关，6个月时母乳喂养的几率随着婴儿出生体重的降低而显着降低。最后，随着儿童数量的增加，4 个月时纯母乳喂养和 6 个月时母乳喂养的几率也会增加。结论：这些结果表明，大多数挪威婴儿在出生后的前 6 个月内都按照婴儿喂养建议进行喂养。然而，纯母乳喂养的持续时间比建议的要短。婴儿喂养方式与母亲和婴儿的特征显着相关。
Aim: To describe and evaluate infant feeding practices during the first 6 mo of life in relation to recommendations, and to study infant feeding practices in relation to maternal and infant characteristics. Methods: Data from 2383 Norwegian infants aged 6 mo were collected by a self-administered semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire measuring feeding practices at 6 mo and feeding practices retrospectively at less than or equal to5.5 mo of age. Results: Only 1% of the infants had never been breastfed. The proportion of breastfed infants was 96% at 1 mo, 85% at 4 mo and 80% at 6 mo. The proportion of exclusively breastfed infants was 90% at 1 mo, 44% at 4 mo and 7% at 6 mo. Twenty-one percent of the infants were introduced to solid foods before the age of 4 mo. For exclusive breastfeeding at 4 mo, breastfeeding at 6 mo and timely introduction of solid foods (not before 4 mo) significant positive trends were found for maternal age, education and degree of urbanization. Negative associations were found for maternal smoking. Furthermore, exclusive breastfeeding at 4 mo was associated with infant gender and marital status, and the odds of breastfeeding at 6 mo significantly decreased with decreasing infant birthweight. Finally, both the odds of exclusive breastfeeding at 4 mo and of breastfeeding at 6 mo increased with increasing numbers of children.Conclusion: These results indicate that a majority of Norwegian infants are fed in accordance with infant feeding recommendations during their first 6 mo of life. However, the duration of exclusive breastfeeding is shorter than recommended. Infant feeding practices are significantly associated with maternal and infant characteristics.