SHIFTS IN BILATERAL ASYMMETRY WITHIN A DISTRIBUTION RANGE: THE CASE OF THE CHUKAR PARTRIDGE
SHIFTS IN BILATERAL ASYMMETRY WITHIN A DISTRIBUTION RANGE: THE CASE OF THE CHUKAR PARTRIDGE
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分布范围内双边不对称性的变化：以鹧鸪为例
DOI：
10.1111/j.0014-3820.2001.tb01323.x
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发表时间：
2001
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Kark
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Kark
摘要 文献中早已认识到三种主要类型的双边不对称性（波动不对称性、方向性不对称性和反对称性）。然而，人们对不对称类型之间的转变知之甚少，尤其是在自然群体中。人们通常认为方向不对称和反对称比波动不对称具有更大的遗传基础。这导致许多科学家从发育不稳定性研究中排除显示方向不对称或反对称的特征或群体，将注意力集中在波动不对称上。这一程序可能会影响研究结果，从而影响我们对双边不对称模式及其影响因素的理解。为了研究物种分布范围内双边不对称性的变化，我研究了以色列该物种分布范围内 320 公里的陡峭环境梯度中 11 个石鸡 (Alectoris chukar) 种群的第三趾长度。选择这一性状是因为它对楚卡人（一种大部分活动时间都是步行的物种）具有适应价值，并且由于其测量重复性高。从范围的核心向最边缘移动，检测到以下四个趋势：（1）方向不对称分量的表达显着增加； （2）在地中海-沙漠交错带内，种群中对称个体的频率显着下降，在所研究的气候和环境梯度最陡的部分急剧下降； (3) 根据左右脚趾之间的无符号差异估计，平均不对称水平显着增加； (4)不对称范围增加，使得最不对称的个体源自该范围的最边缘。这些发现提供了主要证据，表明在物种分布范围内的短地理距离内，不对称性可能会发生重大变化。它们显示了不对称类型之间的连续性，并支持所有三种类型的不对称都可以反映发育不稳定的观点。应设计对发育不稳定性的进一步研究，以便能够检测自然群体中不对称类型之间的转变。这样的程序可以部分解决文献中关于双边不对称与环境压力之间关系的一些矛盾。通讯编辑：H.L.吉布斯
Abstract Three major types of bilateral asymmetry (fluctuating asymmetry, directional asymmetry, and antisymmetry) have long been recognized in the literature. Little, however, is known about transitions between asymmetry types, especially in natural populations. It is often assumed that directional asymmetry and antisymmetry have a larger genetic basis than fluctuating asymmetry. This leads many scientists to exclude traits or populations showing either directional asymmetry or antisymmetry from developmental instability studies, focusing attention on fluctuating asymmetry alone. This procedure may bias the findings and thus our understanding of patterns of bilateral asymmetry and the factors influencing it. To examine changes in bilateral asymmetry across the distribution range of a species, I studied the length of the third toe in 11 chukar partridge (Alectoris chukar) populations across a steep environmental gradient of 320 km within the species' range in Israel. This trait was selected due to its adaptive value in the chukar, a species that spends much of its activity walking, and due to its high measurement repeatability. Moving from the core toward the very extreme periphery of the range, the following four trends are detected: (1) the expression of the directional asymmetry component significantly increases; (2) the frequency of symmetrical individuals in the population significantly decreases, with a sharp decline at the steepest part of the climatic and environmental gradient studied, within the Mediterranean-desert ecotone; (3) mean asymmetry levels, as estimated using the unsigned difference between the right and left toe, significantly increases; and (4) the range of asymmetry increases such that the most asymmetrical individuals originate from the very edge of the range. These findings provide primary evidence that substantial shifts in asymmetry may occur across short geographical distances within a species' distribution range. They show a continuum between asymmetry types and support the notion that all three types of asymmetry can reflect developmental instability. Further studies of developmental instability should be designed so that they enable detection of transitions between asymmetry types across natural populations. Such a procedure may partly resolve some of the contradictions seen in the literature regarding the relationship between bilateral asymmetry and environmental stress. Corresponding Editor: H. L. Gibbs
影响因子：
0.6
作者：
D. Lehrman;J. Rosenblatt;R. Hinde;Evelyn Shaw;C. Beer;P. Slater;H. Brockmann;M. Naguib
通讯作者：
D. Lehrman;J. Rosenblatt;R. Hinde;Evelyn Shaw;C. Beer;P. Slater;H. Brockmann;M. Naguib