Geographic localisation of knowledge spillovers: evidence from high-tech patent citations in Europe
Geographic localisation of knowledge spillovers: evidence from high-tech patent citations in Europe
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DOI：
10.1007/s00168-009-0300-0
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发表时间：
2009-04
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Fischer;Thomas Scherngell;Eva Jansenberger
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Fischer;Thomas Scherngell;Eva Jansenberger
本文的重点是欧洲高科技公司之间的知识溢出，正如专利引文所捕获的那样。欧洲范围由欧洲专利局（EPO）的专利申请提供，这些专利申请分配给位于欧洲的高科技公司。通过跟踪高科技专利之间的引用留下的书面痕迹，我们采用病例对照匹配方法来测试两个地理层面（地区和国家层面）知识溢出的本地化程度。这种方法认为，与同地控制专利相比，专利引用不相称的同地现象是局部知识溢出的证据。为了摆脱地理距离对边界的影响，本文采用了泊松空间相互作用建模的视角。研究结果不仅表明知识溢出存在局部性，而且表明国界效应比地理距离效应更为重要。因此，知识在欧洲国家内部流动要比在欧洲国家之间流动容易得多。不仅地理位置很重要，技术上的接近程度也很重要。区域间知识流动是行业特有的，最常发生在技术空间中彼此靠近的区域之间。
The focus in this paper is on knowledge spillovers between high-technology firms in Europe, as captured by patent citations. The European coverage is given by patent applications at the European Patent Office (EPO) that are assigned to high-technology firms located in Europe. By following the paper trail left by citations between high-technology patents we adopt a case–control matching approach to test the extent of localisation of knowledge spillovers at two geographic levels, the region and the country level. This approach views a finding of disproportionate co-location of patent citations relative to co-located control patents as evidence of localised knowledge spillovers. To disentangle border from geographic distance effects the paper adopts a Poisson spatial interaction modelling perspective. The findings of the study not only indicate that localisation of knowledge spillovers exists, but also that national border effects are more important than geographical distance effects. Thus, knowledge flows within European countries more easily than across. Not only geography matters, but also technological proximity. Interregional knowledge flows are industry specific and occur most often between regions located close to each other in technological space.