Vpr-host interactions during HIV-1 viral life cycle.
Vpr-host interactions during HIV-1 viral life cycle.
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HIV-1 病毒生命周期中的 Vpr-宿主相互作用。
DOI：
10.1007/s11481-011-9261-z
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Bukrinsky,MichaelI
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Zhao,RichardY;Li,Ge;Bukrinsky,MichaelI
人类免疫缺陷病毒 1 型 (HIV-1) 病毒蛋白 R (Vpr) 是一种多功能病毒蛋白，在 HIV-1 病毒生命周期的多个阶段发挥重要作用。尽管这些活动背后的分子机制仍在研究中，但总体而言，这些活动与促进病毒复制和损害抗艾滋病毒免疫力有关。重要的是，Vpr 的功能缺陷与 HIV 感染者的疾病进展缓慢相关。 Vpr 是巨噬细胞等非分裂细胞中病毒有效复制所必需的，并且它在某种程度上促进增殖的 CD4+ T 细胞中的病毒复制。 Vpr 的具体活性包括调节病毒逆转录的保真度、HIV-1 预整合复合物的核输入、HIV-1 LTR 启动子的反式激活、诱导细胞周期 G2 停滞和通过细胞凋亡导致细胞死亡。在这篇综述中，我们重点描述与 Vpr 特异性相互作用的细胞蛋白，并讨论它们对于增殖和非增殖细胞中病毒生命周期每个步骤中已知 Vpr 活性的重要性。
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) viral protein R (Vpr) is a multifunctional viral protein that plays important role at multiple stages of the HIV-1 viral life cycle. Although the molecular mechanisms underlying these activities are subject of ongoing investigations, overall, these activities have been linked to promotion of viral replication and impairment of anti-HIV immunity. Importantly, functional defects of Vpr have been correlated with slow disease progression of HIV-infected patients. Vpr is required for efficient viral replication in non-dividing cells such as macrophages, and it promotes, to some extent, viral replication in proliferating CD4+ T cells. The specific activities of Vpr include modulation of fidelity of viral reverse transcription, nuclear import of the HIV-1 pre-integration complex, transactivation of the HIV-1 LTR promoter, induction of cell cycle G2 arrest and cell death via apoptosis. In this review, we focus on description of the cellular proteins that specifically interact with Vpr and discuss their significance with regard to the known Vpr activities at each step of the viral life cycle in proliferating and non-proliferating cells.