Neural processes supporting young and older adults' emotional memories
Neural processes supporting young and older adults' emotional memories
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DOI：
10.1162/jocn.2008.20080
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发表时间：
2008-07-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Schacter, Daniel L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kensinger, Elizabeth A.;Schacter, Daniel L.
年轻人和老年人更容易记住情绪信息，而不是中性信息。本功能性磁共振成像研究检查了支持年轻人（18-35岁）和老年人（62-79岁）成功编码积极、消极和中性物体（如圣代、手榴弹、独木舟）的神经过程。结果显示，情绪记忆网络在各年龄组中普遍保存。在成功编码积极和消极信息的过程中，两组都调动了杏仁核和眶额皮质。两个年龄的大脑都表现出了价特异性招募：在成功编码消极信息时，右侧梭状回活动最大，而在成功编码积极信息时，左侧前额叶和颞叶活动最大。这些特定于价格的加工过程与行为证据一致，即负面信息是通过感知细节处理的，而积极信息是在概念或图式水平上处理的。情绪记忆的唯一年龄差异出现在成功编码积极项目的过程中：老年人的内侧前额叶皮层和扣带回的活动比年轻人多。由于这些区域通常与自我参照处理有关，这些结果表明，老年人对积极信息的记忆能力增强可能源于他们更倾向于处理与自己有关的信息。
Young and older adults are more likely to remember emotional information than neutral information. The present functional magnetic resonance imaging study examined the neural processes supporting young (ages 18-35) and older (ages 62-79) adults' successful encoding of positive, negative, and neutral objects (e.g., a sundae, a grenade, a canoe). The results revealed general preservation of the emotional memory network across the age groups. Both groups recruited the amygdala and the orbito-frontal cortex during the successful encoding of positive and negative information. Both ages also showed valence-specific recruitment: right fusiform activity was greatest during the successful encoding of negative information, whereas left prefrontal and temporal activity was greatest during the successful encoding of positive information. These valence-specific processes are consistent with behavioral evidence that negative information is processed with perceptual detail, whereas positive information is processed at a conceptual or schematic level. The only age differences in emotional memory emerged during the successful encoding of positive items: Older adults showed more activity in the medial prefrontal cortex and along the cingulate gyrus than young adults. Because these regions often are associated with self-referential processing, these results suggest that older adults' mnemonic boost for positive information may stem from an increased tendency to process this information in relation to themselves.