THE INDIVIDUAL NEST BOX AS A SUPER-STIMULUS FOR DOMESTIC HENS
THE INDIVIDUAL NEST BOX AS A SUPER-STIMULUS FOR DOMESTIC HENS
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DOI：
10.1016/0168-1591(86)90062-6
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发表时间：
1986-05-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
MCRAE, HE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
APPLEBY, MC;MCRAE, HE
根据有关群体母鸡对巢箱选择不一致的报告，对单独母鸡对巢箱的选择进行了调查。三十二只白来航母鸡每只都被隔离在六个巢箱中，同时产下六个鸡蛋。从16只母鸡中，每天收集鸡蛋。这些鸟中只有一只将所有蛋产在一个巢箱中，其他鸟则使用了多达四个巢箱。另外 16 只被允许积蛋，而且它们在巢选择上明显更加一致。五个人只用了一盒。 然而，该组中的其他 11 个表现出不完全一致性。第二个实验提出了对不一致的巢选择的解释。在白来航和罗德岛红品系的母鸡中测试了围栏在巢址选择中的重要性。即将产下第一个蛋的个体被隔离，并从五种不同的围栏中选择两种类型的巢箱。裸露的巢穴与自然巢穴的尺寸相似，这两种菌株都很少使用它们。 相比之下，更封闭的巢穴被强烈选择。这些结果表明，封闭环境是巢址选择的重要刺激因素，而人工巢箱比自然场所更加封闭，可以起到超正常刺激（或“超级刺激”）的作用。超级刺激之间的选择可能是模棱两可的，这解释了巢箱的使用和家养母鸡筑巢行为的其他特征的不一致。
Following reports of inconsistent nest choice by hens in groups, choice of nest boxes by solitary hens was investigated. Thirty-two hens of a White Leghorn strain were each isolated with six nest boxes while they laid six eggs. Form 16 hens, eggs were collected daily. Only one of these birds laid all her eggs in one nest box, and others used up to four boxes. The other 16 were allowed to accumulate eggs, and these were significantly more consistent in nest choice. Five used only one box. However, the other 11 of this group showed incomplete consistency. An explanation for inconsistent nest choice was suggested by a second experiment. The importance of enclosure in nest-site selection was tested in hens of White Leghorn and Rhode Island Red strains. Individuals about to lay their first egg were isolated with a choice of two types of nest box, selected from five types of different enclosure. Exposed nests, of similar dimensions to natural nests, were rarely used by either strain. By contrast, more enclosed nests were strongly selected. These results indicate that enclosure is an important stimulus in nest-site selection, and that artificial nest boxes, which are more enclosed than natural sites, act as super-normal stimuli (or "super-stimuli"). Choices between super-stimuli are likely to be equivocal, which accounts for inconsistency in the use of nest boxes and other features of the nesting behaviour of domestic hens.