Differential effects of MDMA and methylphenidate on social cognition
Differential effects of MDMA and methylphenidate on social cognition
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DOI：
10.1177/0269881114542454
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发表时间：
2014-09-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Liechti, Matthias E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schmid, Yasmin;Hysek, Cedric M.;Liechti, Matthias E.
社会认知在日常生活中的社会交往中占有重要地位。3，4-亚甲基二氧基甲基苯丙胺(MDMA，摇头丸)和哌甲酸甲酯(都用于神经增强和派对药物)对社会认知的影响在很大程度上是未知的。在30名健康受试者的交叉研究中，我们使用面部情绪识别任务、多方面移情测验、社会认知电影评估、社会价值取向测验和道德判断任务，考察了MDMA(75 Mg)、哌醋甲酯(40 Mg)和安慰剂的急性效应。此外，还测量了主观、自主神经、药代动力学、内分泌和药物不良反应。MDMA增强了MET中对积极情绪充沛情况的情感共鸣，并倾向于减少在面部情绪识别任务中对悲伤面孔的识别。MDMA对多方面移情测验中的认知移情和《社会认知评估电影》中的社会认知推论没有影响。MDMA会产生主观的“致病”效应，如对毒品的喜好、与他人的亲近、开放和信任。相比之下，哌醋甲酯缺乏这种主观影响，也不会改变情绪处理、同理心或心理视角选择。MDMA使血浆催产素和催乳素水平升高，而不是哌醋甲酯。这些药物都没有影响道德判断。低剂量的MDMA对情感识别和情感共鸣的影响很明显，这可能是该药物流行的原因之一。
Social cognition is important in everyday-life social interactions. The social cognitive effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, 'ecstasy') and methylphenidate (both used for neuroenhancement and as party drugs) are largely unknown. We investigated the acute effects of MDMA (75 mg), methylphenidate (40 mg) and placebo using the Facial Emotion Recognition Task, Multifaceted Empathy Test, Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition, Social Value Orientation Test and the Moral Judgment Task in a cross-over study in 30 healthy subjects. Additionally, subjective, autonomic, pharmacokinetic, endocrine and adverse drug effects were measured. MDMA enhanced emotional empathy for positive emotionally charged situations in the MET and tended to reduce the recognition of sad faces in the Facial Emotion Recognition Task. MDMA had no effects on cognitive empathy in the Multifaceted Empathy Test or social cognitive inferences in the Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition. MDMA produced subjective 'empathogenic' effects, such as drug liking, closeness to others, openness and trust. In contrast, methylphenidate lacked such subjective effects and did not alter emotional processing, empathy or mental perspective-taking. MDMA but not methylphenidate increased the plasma levels of oxytocin and prolactin. None of the drugs influenced moral judgment. Effects on emotion recognition and emotional empathy were evident at a low dose of MDMA and likely contribute to the popularity of the drug.