Haloarchaea swim slowly for optimal chemotactic efficiency in low nutrient environments.
Haloarchaea swim slowly for optimal chemotactic efficiency in low nutrient environments.
复制标题
盐古菌在低营养环境中缓慢游动，以获得最佳的趋化效率。
DOI：
10.1038/s41467-020-18253-7
复制
发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Thornton KL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Thornton KL
古生菌已经进化成能够在地球上一些最极端的环境中生存。在极端贫瘠的条件下生活，有机会探索运动和对刺激的反应的基本能量限制，这是生命系统的两个基本标志。在这里，我们使用三维全息显微镜和计算机模拟来揭示嗜盐古细菌实现趋化性的能力要求比普通的真细菌模型系统低100倍。它们的游泳方向由它们的鞭毛(古生菌)稳定，以与真细菌相似的方式增强方向持久性，尽管使用了不同的运动装置。我们的实验和模拟表明，细胞能够缓慢但确定地沿化学梯度向上移动，在热力学极限下以有偏随机的方式行走。
Archaea have evolved to survive in some of the most extreme environments on earth. Life in extreme, nutrient-poor conditions gives the opportunity to probe fundamental energy limitations on movement and response to stimuli, two essential markers of living systems. Here we use three-dimensional holographic microscopy and computer simulations to reveal that halophilic archaea achieve chemotaxis with power requirements one hundred-fold lower than common eubacterial model systems. Their swimming direction is stabilised by their flagella (archaella), enhancing directional persistence in a manner similar to that displayed by eubacteria, albeit with a different motility apparatus. Our experiments and simulations reveal that the cells are capable of slow but deterministic chemotaxis up a chemical gradient, in a biased random walk at the thermodynamic limit.