Invariant properties of solid oxide fuel cell systems with integrated reformers
Invariant properties of solid oxide fuel cell systems with integrated reformers
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DOI：
10.1016/j.energy.2015.07.076
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发表时间：
2015-10
期刊：
影响因子：
9
通讯作者：
A. Slippey;Omid Madani;Kalyan Nishtala;Tuhin Das-
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Slippey;Omid Madani;Kalyan Nishtala;Tuhin Das-
在使用碳氢化合物燃料的基于重整器的 SOFC（固体氧化物燃料电池）中，燃料利用率 (U) 和 STCR（蒸汽与碳的比率）是分别指示阳极和重整器内部状况的重要变量。然而，这两个变量都难以测量，因为它们依赖于内部物质浓度、温度、压力和流速。与用于估计 U 和 STCR 的基于系统特定模型的技术相比，本文提出了一种用于制定和表征这些变量的通用方法，该方法适用于 CaH2bOd 形式的碳氢化合物燃料、多种重整器类型和系统配置。该方法利用了量的不变性，例如潜在的氢和 STCB（蒸汽碳平衡），相对于反应路径、反应速率和上述内部条件。这些守恒量可以在稳态条件下以与模型无关的方式进行预测。如此获得的不变关系对于仅使用系统级输入（即电流、未重整燃料的供应速率和再循环速率）来预测U和STCB是有用的，并且不需要昂贵的侵入式传感器。它们对于将 U 和 STCB 维持在目标值以及解决其瞬态波动也很有用。
In reformer based SOFCs (solid oxide fuel cells) with hydrocarbon fuels, fuel utilization (U) and STCR (steam-to-carbon-ratio) are important variables indicating conditions inside the anode and reformer respectively. However, both variables are difficult to measure due to their dependence on internal species concentrations, temperatures, pressures and flow rates. In contrast to system-specific model-based techniques for estimating U and STCR, this paper proposes a generalized method for formulating and characterizing these variables, that applies to hydrocarbon fuels of the form CaH2bOd, multiple reformer types, and system configurations. The approach takes advantage of the invariance of quantities, such aspotential hydrogenand STCB (steam-to-carbon-balance), with respect to reaction pathways, reaction rates, and aforementioned internal conditions. These conserved quantities can be predicted under steady-state conditions in a model-independent fashion. The invariant relationships so obtained are useful for predicting U and STCB using only system level inputs, namely current, supply rate of unreformed fuel, and rate of recirculation, and without requiring expensive and intrusive sensors. They are also useful for maintaining U and STCB at target values and in addressing their transient fluctuations.