Hedonic hunger: A new dimension of appetite?
Hedonic hunger: A new dimension of appetite?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.physbeh.2007.04.006
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发表时间：
2007-07-24
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Butryn, Meghan L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lowe, Michael R.;Butryn, Meghan L.
越来越多的人类食物消费似乎是由快乐驱动的，而不仅仅是卡路里的需求。除了对身体质量和健康的影响外，富裕社会的食物环境可能正在创造一种食欲，与其他享乐驱动的活动(如吸毒和强迫性赌博)的心理影响相对应。这种现象在这里被称为“享乐性饥饿”。动物文献综述表明，基于大脑的动态平衡和享乐进食动机是重叠的，但仍然是分离的。在人类中，有证据表明，与正常体重的人相比，肥胖的人更喜欢和更多地消费适口性高的食物。在正常体重的人中，长期以来一直认为与节制饮食相关的食欲异常是由于饮食诱导的对体内平衡系统的挑战，但我们回顾了一些证据，这些证据表明，这些异常更有可能源于享乐性饥饿(即，吃得比想吃的少，而不是比需要的少)。最后，描述了最近开发的一种衡量个体对食物环境有益特性的食欲反应差异的测量方法(食物力量量表；PFS)。初步证据表明，PFS是可靠和有效的，并与临床相关变量有关，如食物渴望和暴饮暴食。这一措施与对食物可获得性和适口性的环境控制相结合，可能构成研究享乐性饥饿的有用方法。(C)2007 Elsevier Inc.保留所有权利。
An increasing proportion of human food consumption appears to be driven by pleasure, not just by the need for calories. In addition to its effects on body mass and health, the food environment in affluent societies may be creating an appetitive counterpart to the psychological effects of other hedonically-driven activities such as drug use and compulsive gambling. This phenomenon is referred to here as "hedonic hunger." Animal literature is reviewed indicating that brain-based homeostatic and hedonic eating motives overlap but are nonetheless dissociable. In humans there is evidence that obese individuals prefer and consume high palatability foods more than those of normal weight. Among normal weight individuals it has long been assumed that the appetitive anomalies associated with restrained eating are due to diet-induced challenges to the homeostatic system, but we review evidence suggesting that they more likely stem from hedonic hunger (i.e., eating less than wanted rather than less than needed). Finally, a recently-developed measure (the Power of Food Scale; PFS) of individual differences in appetitive responsiveness to rewarding properties of the food environment is described. Preliminary evidence indicates that the PFS is reliable and valid and is related to clinically-relevant variables such as food cravings and binge eating. This measure, combined with environmental manipulations of food availability and palatability, may constitute a useful approach to studying hedonic hunger. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.