The semantics of questions
The semantics of questions
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问题的语义
DOI：
10.1002/wcs.1513
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Syrett, Kristen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Moyer, Morgan C.;Syrett, Kristen
确定问题的语义对意义研究提出了挑战。与大多数陈述性陈述不同，问题不能被赋予真值。他们不会断言关于这个世界的信息是真是假，是接受还是拒绝。相反，它们作为言语行为的功能是询问，寻求关于世界的信息。因此，对问题语义的真理条件方法陷入了死胡同。因此，我们必须根据作为问题答案的命题来评估问题的语义。但在这里，出现了一些影响我们调查的问题。在一般情况下或给定的话语语境中，什么才算合适的答案？世界语言内部和不同语言之间问题类型的变化如何影响我们关于问题统一语义的理论？当疑问句被嵌入到像“know”这样的矩阵动词中，而“know”将疑问句作为句子补语，那么问题的语义学是如何对陈述句所表达的命题进行评估的呢？句子的主语必须知道什么？他们是否应该被要求知道或列出一个完整的正确答案或一个正确答案，他们是否应该知道错误的答案是错误的？哪些答案是许可的？问题怎么能反映出说话者的偏见呢？这些问题是问题语义研究的核心。这篇文章的特点是：语言学b>语言学理论语言学b>语言在心灵和大脑
Pinning down thesemantics of questionsposes a challenge for the study of meaning. Unlike most declarative statements, questions cannot be assigned a truth value. They do not assert information about the world that can be easily verified as true or false, or accepted or rejected. Instead, their function as a speech act is to interrogate, to seek information about the world. Thus a truth‐conditional approach to thesemantics of questionsruns into a dead end. We must therefore evaluate thesemantics of questionsin terms of the propositions that serve as their answers. But here, a number of questions arise that shape our investigation. What counts as a suitable answer, in general or in a given discourse context? How does the variability of question types within and across the world's languages influence our theory of a unifiedsemantics of questions? When questions are embedded under a matrix verb like “know,” which takes the question as a sentential complement, how does thesemantics of questionsfeed into the assessment of the proposition expressed by this declarative utterance? What must the subject of the sentence know? Should they be required to know or list an exhaustive list of true answers or one true answer, should they know of the false answers that they are false? What answers are licensed? How can questions reflect a bias on the part of the speaker? These issues lie at the heart of an investigation of thesemantics of questions.This article is characterized under:Linguistics > Linguistic TheoryLinguistics > Language in Mind and Brain