Meditation experience is associated with differences in default mode network activity and connectivity
Meditation experience is associated with differences in default mode network activity and connectivity
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1112029108
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发表时间：
2011-12-13
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Kober, Hedy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brewer, Judson A.;Worhunsky, Patrick D.;Kober, Hedy
许多哲学和沉思的传统告诉我们，“活在当下”会增加幸福感。然而，人类的默认模式似乎是走神，这与不快乐相关，并与与自我参照处理相关的大脑区域网络的激活有关。我们调查了有经验的冥想者的大脑活动，并在他们进行几种不同的冥想(专注、慈爱和无选择的意识)时，匹配了冥想-幼稚的对照组。我们发现，在所有冥想类型的经验丰富的冥想者中，默认模式网络的主要节点(内侧前额叶和后扣带回皮质)相对失活。此外，功能连接性分析显示，经验丰富的冥想者在基线和冥想期间，后扣带回、背侧前扣带回和背外侧前额叶皮质(先前涉及自我监控和认知控制的区域)之间的耦合更强。我们的发现表明，默认模式网络中的差异与减少走神是一致的。因此，这些提供了对冥想可能的神经机制的独特理解。
Many philosophical and contemplative traditions teach that "living in the moment" increases happiness. However, the default mode of humans appears to be that of mind-wandering, which correlates with unhappiness, and with activation in a network of brain areas associated with self-referential processing. We investigated brain activity in experienced meditators and matched meditation-naive controls as they performed several different meditations (Concentration, Loving-Kindness, Choiceless Awareness). We found that the main nodes of the default-mode network (medial prefrontal and posterior cingulate cortices) were relatively deactivated in experienced meditators across all meditation types. Furthermore, functional connectivity analysis revealed stronger coupling in experienced meditators between the posterior cingulate, dorsal anterior cingulate, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices (regions previously implicated in self-monitoring and cognitive control), both at baseline and during meditation. Our findings demonstrate differences in the default-mode network that are consistent with decreased mind-wandering. As such, these provide a unique understanding of possible neural mechanisms of meditation.