Response to "Emerging Roles of Virtual Patients in the Age of AI".
Response to "Emerging Roles of Virtual Patients in the Age of AI".
复制标题
对“人工智能时代虚拟患者的新兴角色”的回应。
DOI：
10.1001/amajethics.2019.920
复制
发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Fetters,MichaelD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kron,FrederickW;Guetterman,TimothyC;Fetters,MichaelD
1.虚拟病人和虚拟人的混淆。术语虚拟患者（VP）已应用于具有不同设计、技术和教育目标的许多应用。这种异质性可能导致混淆。1美国医学院协会对VP的定义，作者参考的是2006年制定的，指的是计算机化的临床病例模拟。这些应用程序主要是基于文本的多媒体内容，专注于临床推理和决策制定，而不使用人工智能。1，3，4作者将这种类型的VP与虚拟人（VH）混为一谈，虚拟人是计算机驱动的对话代理，具有人类形式，使用人与人之间的全方位行为进行交互，面对面交互。5虚拟医疗保健人员在基于计算机的人际沟通培训模拟中利用人工智能-作为虚拟标准化患者，4，6医生或医疗保健企业中的任何其他人。夸大了虚拟患者的危险。作者介绍了有关“性别歧视AI”，网络犯罪，恶意编程和精神病AI的材料。如果没有教育软件、人工智能或VH开发的附带说明，读者可能会高估使用这些代理的风险。以下澄清应能减轻该条引起的威胁感。
1. Conflation of virtual patients and virtual humans. The term virtual patient (VP) has been applied to numerous applications with different designs, technologies, and educational objectives. This heterogeneity can lead to confusion. 1 The Association of American Medical Colleges’ definition of VP that the authors reference was developed in 2006 and refers to computerized clinical case simulations. 2 These applications, which are largely text based with multimedia content, focus on clinical reasoning and decision making and do not utilize AI. 1, 3, 4 The authors conflate VPs of this type with virtual humans (VHs), computerdriven conversational agents with human form that interact with humans using the full range of behaviors found in human-to-human, face-to-face interaction. 5 VHs utilize AI in computer-based interpersonal communication training simulations—as virtual standardized patients, 4, 6 physicians, or any other human across the health care enterprise.2. Overstatement of virtual patient perils. The authors present material about “sexist AI,” cybercrime, malicious intent in programming, and psychopathic AI. Without an accompanying account of educational software, AI, or VH development, readers may overestimate the risk of using these agents. The following clarification should mitigate the sense of menace the article evokes.