The effect of cognitive reappraisal on long-term emotional experience and emotional memory
The effect of cognitive reappraisal on long-term emotional experience and emotional memory
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DOI：
10.1111/jnp.12035
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发表时间：
2015-03-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Kim, Sang Hee
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ahn, Hyeon Min;Kim, Shin Ah;Kim, Sang Hee
一个人正确调节情绪的能力对心理和身体健康至关重要。在调节情绪的各种策略中，认知重评已被证明可以调节情绪体验和情绪记忆。然而，大多数关于再评价的研究都集中在对消极情境的再评价上，而对积极情绪的再评价却很少受到关注。此外，重新评价对刺激的情绪反应的影响通常只能立即或短暂延迟后进行评估，目前还不清楚重新评价效应是否会持续更长的时间。我们研究了认知重评对正面和负面刺激的情绪反应和长时情景记忆的影响。男性和女性在观看情绪消极、积极和中性的图片时，被要求增加、减少或保持图片引起的最初情绪反应。在调节任务期间和1周后再次评估情绪效价和唤醒的主观评分。图片记忆采用自由回忆法。结果表明，图片伴随着指示，以增加情绪比图片重新评估，以减少情绪更好地回忆。刺激引起的情绪唤起的调节持续了一周以上，但这种效果只在男性中观察到。这些发现表明，认知重新评价可以对刺激的情绪反应产生长期影响。然而，观察到的性别差异的影响，重新评价的情绪反应突出的重要性，考虑个体差异的影响，监管。
One's ability to properly regulate emotion is critical to psychological and physical well-being. Among various strategies to regulate emotion, cognitive reappraisal has been shown to modulate both emotional experience and emotional memory. However, most studies of reappraisal have focused on reappraisal of negative situations, with reappraisal of positive emotion receiving considerably less attention. In addition, the effects of reappraisal on emotional reactions to stimuli are typically only assessed either immediately or after a short delay, and it remains unclear whether reappraisal effects persist over longer time periods. We investigated the effect of cognitive reappraisal on emotional reactions and long-term episodic memory for positive and negative stimuli. Men and women viewed emotionally negative, positive, and neutral pictures while they were instructed to either increase, decrease, or maintain the initial emotional reactions elicited by the pictures. Subjective ratings of emotional valence and arousal were assessed during the regulation task and again after 1week. Memory for the pictures was assessed with free recall. Results indicated that pictures accompanied by instructions to increase emotion were better recalled than pictures reappraised to decrease emotion. Modulation of emotional arousal elicited by stimuli persisted over a week, but this effect was observed only for men. These findings suggest that cognitive reappraisal can have long-lasting effects on emotional reactions to stimuli. However, the sex differences observed for the effects of reappraisal on emotional reactions highlight the importance of considering individual differences in the effects of regulation.