The Contribution of Psychosocial Stressors to Sleep among African Americans in the Jackson Heart Study
The Contribution of Psychosocial Stressors to Sleep among African Americans in the Jackson Heart Study
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DOI：
10.5665/sleep.5974
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发表时间：
2016-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Roux, Ana V. Diez
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Johnson, Dayna A.;Lisabeth, Lynda;Roux, Ana V. Diez
研究目的：研究表明，社会心理压力源与睡眠质量差有关。然而，对可能更容易受到心理社会压力影响的非裔美国人的研究缺乏。使用杰克逊心脏研究（JHS）基线数据，我们检查了4,863名非裔美国人的心理社会压力源与睡眠的关系。方法：我们在非洲裔美国人的大量人口样本中检查了社会心理压力源与睡眠时间和质量之间的横断面关联。研究了三种心理社会压力测量方法：全球感知压力量表（GPSS）；重大生活事件（MLE）；每周压力量表（WSI）。通过自我报告的睡眠时间和睡眠质量评分（1 =差；5 =好）来评估睡眠。使用多项逻辑回归模型和线性回归模型来检验每个压力测量值（以四分位数为单位）与连续和分类睡眠时间(< 5（“很短”），5-6小时（“短”）和>= 9小时（“长”）与7或8小时（“正常”）之间的关系；根据人口统计和危险因素（体重指数、高血压、糖尿病、体育活动）进行调整后的睡眠质量。结果：患者平均年龄54.6岁，女性占64%。平均睡眠时间为6.4±1.5小时，54%的人睡眠时间短，5%的人睡眠时间长，34%的人睡眠质量“差”或“一般”。在调整了相关变量后，与GPSS最低四分位数的患者相比，GPSS最高四分位数的患者出现极短睡眠的几率更高（优势比：2.87,95%置信区间[CI]: 2.02, 4.08），出现短睡眠的几率更高（1.72,95% CI: 1.40, 2.12），平均睡眠时间更短(Delta = -33.6分钟（95% CI: -41.8, -25.4），睡眠质量更差（Delta = -0.73 (95% CI: -0.83, -0.63)）。WSI和MLE也观察到类似的模式。心理社会压力源与长时间睡眠无关。对于WSI，压力对睡眠时间的影响在年轻（< 60岁）和受过大学教育的非裔美国人中更强。结论：在非裔美国人中，社会心理压力源与较高的短睡眠几率、较低的平均睡眠时间和较低的睡眠质量有关。社会心理压力源可能是非洲裔美国人改善睡眠和下游健康结果的干预点。
Study Objectives: Studies have shown that psychosocial stressors are related to poor sleep. However, studies of African Americans, who may be more vulnerable to the impact of psychosocial stressors, are lacking. Using the Jackson Heart Study (JHS) baseline data, we examined associations of psychosocial stressors with sleep in 4,863 African Americans.Methods: We examined cross-sectional associations between psychosocial stressors and sleep duration and quality in a large population sample of African Americans. Three measures of psychosocial stress were investigated: the Global Perceived Stress Scale (GPSS); Major Life Events (MLE); and the Weekly Stress Inventory (WSI). Sleep was assessed using self-reported hours of sleep and sleep quality rating (1 = poor; 5 = excellent). Multinomial logistic and linear regression models were used to examine the association of each stress measure (in quartiles) with continuous and categorical sleep duration (< 5 ("very short"), 5-6 h ("short") and >= 9 h ("long") versus 7 or 8 h ("normal"); and with sleep quality after adjustment for demographics and risk factors (body mass index, hypertension, diabetes, physical activity).Results: Mean age of the sample was 54.6 years and 64% were female. Mean sleep duration was 6.4 +/- 1.5 hours, 54% had a short sleep duration, 5% had a long sleep duration, and 34% reported a "poor" or "fair" sleep quality. Persons in the highest GPSS quartile had higher odds of very short sleep (odds ratio: 2.87, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.02, 4.08), higher odds of short sleep (1.72, 95% CI: 1.40, 2.12), shorter average sleep duration (Delta = -33.6 min (95% CI: -41.8, -25.4), and reported poorer sleep quality (Delta = -0.73 (95% CI: -0.83, -0.63) compared to those in the lowest quartile of GPSS after adjustment for covariates. Similar patterns were observed for WSI and MLE. Psychosocial stressors were not associated with long sleep. For WSI, effects of stress on sleep duration were stronger for younger (< 60 y) and college-educated African-Americans.Conclusions: Psychosocial stressors are associated with higher odds of short sleep, lower average sleep duration, and lower sleep quality in African Americans. Psychosocial stressors may be a point of intervention among African Americans for the improvement of sleep and downstream health outcomes.