Molecular Genetics of Rice Root Development
Molecular Genetics of Rice Root Development
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DOI：
10.1007/s12284-008-9016-5
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发表时间：
2009-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Perin, C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Rebouillat, J.;Dievart, A.;Perin, C.
植物的根具有广泛的功能，包括获取水分和养分，以及结构支撑。深入研究水稻根系发育的遗传和分子机制，对于培育适应逆境条件的新水稻理想型和实现可持续的水稻产量潜力具有重要意义。有关根发育的基因网络的知识主要集中在双子叶植物模式植物拟南芥中。水稻是单子叶植物的模式种，与A. thaliana，包括特征在于包括五种类型的胚根和胚后根的须根系统的根结构。水稻根系的解剖学和形态学特征与A.例如，与双子叶植物模型相比，存在溶生皮层和额外的细胞层。此外，水稻根尖分生组织（RAM）的结构和功能也与拟南芥不同。thaliana.近年来，通过正向或反向遗传学方法鉴定出了几个水稻根系突变体，这些突变体将有助于形成一种假说，以描述相对于A. thaliana.此外，这些突变体将有助于确定水稻根中可能在A. thaliana.本文综述了水稻根发育的分子遗传学研究进展，包括根的解剖和形态、RAM结构、RAM模式和根突变体。
Plant roots have a large range of functions, including acquisition of water and nutrients, as well as structural support. Dissecting the genetic and molecular mechanisms controlling rice root development is critical for the development of new rice ideotypes that are better adapted to adverse conditions and for the production of sustainably achieved rice yield potential. Most knowledge regarding the gene networks involved in root development has been accumulated in the model dicotyledon plant species Arabidopsis thaliana. Rice, the model monocotyledon species, presents several singularities compared to A. thaliana, including a root architecture characterized by a fibrous root system comprising five types of embryonic and postembryonic roots. The anatomy and morphology of the rice root system, which is typical for a cereal, differs from that of A. thaliana, for instance, by the presence of a lysigenous cortex and additional cell layers compared to the dicotyledon model. Moreover, the structure and functions of the root apical meristem (RAM) of rice are distinct from those of A. thaliana. Recently, several rice root mutants have been identified via forward or reverse genetics, and these will aid in forming hypothesis to characterize either the divergence or conservation of genetic pathways relative to A. thaliana. Furthermore, these mutants will help to identify key genes in rice roots that may be missing in A. thaliana. This review summarizes both classical and recent data concerning the molecular genetics of rice root development, including root anatomy and morphology, RAM structure, RAM patterning, and root mutants.