Submersible observations of manganese nodule and crust deposits on the Tenpo Seamount, Northwestern Pacific
Submersible observations of manganese nodule and crust deposits on the Tenpo Seamount, Northwestern Pacific
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西北太平洋天保海山锰结核和结壳沉积物的水下观测
DOI：
10.1080/10641199309379924
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发表时间：
1993
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
K. Iizasa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Usui;A. Nishimura;K. Iizasa
在2000年的三次新开潜水中，在天坡海山的侧面和平顶上观察到了锰结核的铺路和中新世石灰岩的结壳和露头。前中新世火山提供了火山岩和热液锰矿的核，随后缓慢的沉积或没有沉积促进了丰富的成水结核和结壳的沉积，主要分布在海山的上侧。结核路面一般覆盖钙质砂面沉积物，而结壳覆盖可能由火山岩组成的坚硬露头。结壳和结核的田块相互稀疏地分布在米到几十米的尺度上。现场观察表明，矿床经历了构造和/或质量运动，导致不寻常地出现密集堆积的结核，有时结核直接位于结壳或坚硬的基底上。矿物学和化学成分表明，对于结核和结壳，约有1个或更多的结壳锰层。
Pavements of manganese nodules and crusts and outcrops of Miocene limestones were observed on the flanks and flat top of the Tenpo Seamount during three Shinkai 2000 dives. The pre‐Miocene volcano supplied nuclei of volcanic rocks and hydrothermal manganese deposits, and subsequent slow or no sedimentation promoted deposition of abundant hydrogenetic nodules and crusts, mainly on the upper flank of the seamount. Nodule pavements generally cover calcareous sand surface sediments, while crusts cover hard outcrops composed probably of volcanic rocks. The fields of crusts and nodules are sparsely distributed with each other on scales of meters to tens of meters. The on‐site observation suggests the deposits have encountered tectonic and/or mass movements that resulted in unusual occurrences of densely stacked nodules and occasionally the nodules resting directly on crusts or hard substrates. Mineralogical and chemical compositions reveal that for nodules and crusts the encrusting manganese layers of around 1 ...