Embryotoxicity of Polystyrene Microspheres of Different Sizes to the Marine Medaka Oryzias melastigma (McClelland, 1839)
Embryotoxicity of Polystyrene Microspheres of Different Sizes to the Marine Medaka Oryzias melastigma (McClelland, 1839)
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DOI：
10.3390/w14121831
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发表时间：
2022-06
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Jincan Chen;Chao Fang;Ronghui Zheng;J. Bo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jincan Chen;Chao Fang;Ronghui Zheng;J. Bo
聚苯乙烯微塑料（PS-MP）对海洋生物有潜在的危害，特别是在早期发育阶段，尽管其潜在机制尚不清楚。本文研究了PS-MP对青鳉Oryzias melanoma（McClelland，1839）胚胎生长和形态特征的影响。将3种不同粒径（0.05、0.5和6.0 μm，浓度为106个颗粒/L）的PS-MP置于水中暴露19 d。0.5和6.0 μ mPS-MPs处理组的胚胎孵化时间和孵化率显著低于对照组，而0.05 μ mPS-MPs处理组与对照组差异不显著。胚胎死亡率、胚胎直径及相关基因表达水平（IL 6、IL 8、IL-1β、jak、stat-3、NF-κB、HIF-1α、EPO、CYP 1A 1、AHR、SOD、CAT和GPX）均无显著差异，但VTG除外。当胚胎暴露于0.5和6.0 μ mPS-MPs时，在胚胎表面发现了荧光PS-MPs，但在共聚焦显微镜下没有检测到胚胎内部的荧光信号。因此，直径为6.0 μm的PS-MP只能附着在胚胎表面或绒毛上，不能通过膜孔进入胚胎，而直径为0.05和0.5 μm的PS-MP不能进入胚胎。
Polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) are potentially harmful to marine organisms, especially during the early developmental stages, although the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The present study evaluated the growth and morphological characteristics of marine medaka Oryzias melastigma (McClelland, 1839) embryos exposed to PS-MP. PS-MPs of three different sizes (0.05, 0.5, and 6.0 μm with a concentration of 106 particles/L) were subjected to waterborne exposure for 19 d. The hatching time and rate of embryos exposed to 0.5 and 6.0 μm PS-MPs were significantly lower than those of the control, while no significant difference was observed in the 0.05 μm treatment. No significant differences were observed in the mortality rate of the embryos, embryo diameter, and relevant gene expression levels, including il6, il8, il-1β, jak, stat-3, nf-κb, hif-1α, epo, cyp1a1, ahr, sod, cat, and gpx, but with the exception of vtg. Fluorescent PS-MPs were found on the embryo surfaces when the embryos were exposed to 0.5 and 6.0 μm PS-MPs, but no signals were detected inside embryos using confocal microscopy. Therefore, the results indicate that PS-MPs having a diameter of 6.0 μm can only attach to the surface or villus of embryos and not enter the embryos through the membrane pores, whereas PS-MPs with diameters of 0.05 and 0.5 μm cannot enter the embryos.