Spatially clustered resources increase male aggregation and mating duration in Drosophila melanogaster
Spatially clustered resources increase male aggregation and mating duration in Drosophila melanogaster
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DOI：
10.1016/j.anbehav.2020.09.002
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发表时间：
2020-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Thom, Michael D. F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Churchill, Emily R.;Bridle, Jon R.;Thom, Michael D. F.
在雌性交配繁殖的环境中，雄性应该调整自己的行为和生理，以应对精子竞争的感知水平，以最大限度地提高自己的适应能力。这种可塑性的证据已经在几个实验室和实地研究中发现，但很少有人知道的线索刺激这些反应在自然种群。男性评估精子竞争风险的一种方法是通过与同种男性的相遇率。这种遭遇率可能是由男性所需资源的空间分布（即食物斑块或潜在配偶）驱动的，这反过来又影响了当地的密度。然而，资源分配，男性遭遇率和精子竞争相关的行为变化之间的明确联系尚未得到证明。我们发现，当黑腹果蝇雄性的群体大小保持不变时，食物资源斑块之间的距离的小幅减少对雄性行为产生了显着的影响。与分散的资源相比，聚集资源的男性有一个显着降低的雄性间距离（因此遇到率），随后一个较长的非竞争性交配持续时间，以前被证明是一个可靠的指标男性的精子竞争风险的看法。资源的聚集，通过增加相遇率，可以刺激影响男性精子竞争性能的行为变化。鉴于资源的空间分布在自然种群中通常是可变的（并且通常是不可预测的），选择可能有利于性行为可塑性的进化，其中资源聚集增加了精子竞争的可能性。皇冠版权所有（C）2020由爱思唯尔有限公司代表动物行为研究协会发布。All rights reserved.
In environments where females mate multiply, males should adjust their behaviour and physiology in response to the perceived level of sperm competition to maximize their fitness. Evidence of such plasticity has been found in several laboratory and field studies, but little is known about the cues stimulating these responses in natural populations. One way in which males appear to assess sperm competition risk is through encounter rates with conspecific males. Such encounter rates may be driven by the spatial distribution of resources required by males (i.e. food patches or potential mates), which in turn affects local density. However, explicit links between resource distribution, male encounter rates and shifts in behaviour related to sperm competition have not been demonstrated. We found that when group size of Drosophila melanogaster males was held constant, a small decrease in the distance between patches of food resources had striking effects on male behaviour. Compared to those from dispersed resources, males on clustered resources had a significantly reduced intermale distance (and hence encounter rate) and subsequently a longer noncompetitive copulation duration, previously shown to be a reliable indicator of male perception of sperm competition risk. The aggregation of resources, operating via increased encounter rate, can stimulate shifts in behaviour affecting male sperm competition performance. Given that the spatial distribution of resources is typically variable in natural populations (and often unpredictable), selection is likely to favour the evolution of plasticity in sexual behaviour where resource aggregation increases the probability of sperm competition. Crown Copyright (C) 2020 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. All rights reserved.