Environmental filtering increases with elevation for the assembly of gut microbiota in wild pikas
Environmental filtering increases with elevation for the assembly of gut microbiota in wild pikas
复制标题
环境过滤随着野生鼠兔肠道微生物群的海拔升高而增加
DOI：
10.1111/1751-7915.13450
复制
发表时间：
2019-09-01
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Qu, Jiapeng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Huan;Zhou, Rui;Qu, Jiapeng
尽管它们在宿主营养、新陈代谢和适应性方面发挥着重要作用，但对哺乳动物肠道微生物群落如何组装的了解相对较少，特别是关于沿着环境梯度支配微生物区系的生态机制。为了解决这一问题，我们调查了青藏高原上沿海拔3106-4331米梯度的野生高原鼠兔肠道微生物区系的多样性、功能和生态过程。结果表明，即使在控制了地理距离、寄主性别和体重后，肠道微生物区系的α多样性、β多样性和功能多样性随着海拔的升高而显著增加，海拔显著解释了肠道微生物群落的变化。一些与代谢相关的基因功能(如氮代谢和蛋白激酶)在高海拔鼠兔体内得到了丰富。零模型和系统发育分析表明，环境过滤对当地肠道群落的相对贡献随着海拔的升高而增加。此外，在高海拔(3694m以上)鼠兔肠道微生物群落中以确定性过程为主，而在低海拔(3106和3580m)鼠兔肠道微生物群落中随机过程和确定性过程的比例非常接近。所观察到的影响鼠兔肠道微生物区系组装和功能的机制似乎主要是由肠道内部环境和严酷高海拔环境中的外部环境压力(即较低的温度)介导的。这些发现增强了我们对极端恶劣环境中野生哺乳动物肠道微生物区系组装模式和功能的理解。
Despite their important roles in host nutrition, metabolism and adaptability, the knowledge on how the mammalian gut microbial community assemble is relatively scanty, especially regarding the ecological mechanisms that govern microbiota along environmental gradients. To address this, we surveyed the diversity, function and ecological processes of gut microbiota in the wild plateau pika, Ochotona curzoniae, along the elevational gradient from 3106 to 4331 m on ‘the Roof of the World’—Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau. The results indicated that the alpha, beta and functional diversity of gut microbiota significantly increased with elevation, and elevation significantly explained the variations in the gut microbial communities, even after controlling for geographical distance, host sex and body weight. Some gene functions (e.g. nitrogen metabolism and protein kinases) associated with metabolism were enriched in the high‐altitude pikas. Null model and phylogenetic analysis suggest that the relative contributions of environmental filtering responsible for local gut communities increased with elevation. In addition, deterministic processes dominated gut microbial communities in the high‐altitude (more than 3694 m) pikas, while the percentages of stochastic and deterministic processes were very close in the low‐altitude (3106 and 3580 m) pikas. The observed mechanisms that influence pika gut microbiota assembly and function seemed to be mainly mediated by the internal gut environment and by the external environmental pressure (i.e. lower temperature) in the harsh high‐altitude environment. These findings enhance our understanding of gut microbiota assembly patterns and function in wild mammals from extreme harsh environments.