Horticultural availability and homeowner preferences drive plant diversity and composition in urban yards
Horticultural availability and homeowner preferences drive plant diversity and composition in urban yards
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DOI：
10.1002/eap.2082
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发表时间：
2020-02-28
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Nelson, Kristen C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cavender-Bares, Jeannine;Padulles Cubino, Josep;Nelson, Kristen C.
了解影响城市地区生物多样性的因素对于为旨在加强城市环境中的生态系统服务和遏制外来入侵物种的传播的管理工作提供信息至关重要。我们确定了生态和社会经济因素的影响模式的植物丰富度，系统发育多样性，并在133个私人家庭庭院在明尼阿波利斯-圣保罗大都会区，明尼苏达州，美国的组成。我们比较了自然发生的植物物种的组成和业主种植的组成在自然区域（在雪松溪生态系统科学保护区），并在园艺池的物种可从商业种植者。庭院面积和施肥频率影响自发物种的物种丰富度，但表达房主价值观则不影响。相比之下，业主在管理决策中表达的重要标准，包括美学，野生动物，整洁和食物供应，显着预测了种植物种丰富度。引人注目的是，人们在自家院子里种植的植物物种的组成与商业上可用的物种的分类和系统发育组成相似。与此相反，自然物种的分类和系统发育组成显示出高度的相似性，自然区域。房主种植的大部分引进物种可能是他们可以购买的结果。该研究将庭院植物群的组成和多样性与其自然和人为来源联系起来，并揭示了影响主要城市系统住宅区植物多样性的人为因素和价值观。加强了解进入城市系统的本地和引进植物来源的影响以及影响其多样性的人为因素和价值观，对于确定管理城市生物多样性和生态系统服务的杠杆至关重要。
Understanding the factors that influence biodiversity in urban areas is important for informing management efforts aimed at enhancing the ecosystem services in urban settings and curbing the spread of invasive introduced species. We determined the ecological and socioeconomic factors that influence patterns of plant richness, phylogenetic diversity, and composition in 133 private household yards in the Minneapolis-Saint Paul Metropolitan area, Minnesota, USA. We compared the composition of spontaneously occurring plant species and those planted by homeowners with composition in natural areas (at the Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve) and in the horticulture pool of species available from commercial growers. Yard area and fertilizer frequency influenced species richness of the spontaneous species but expressed homeowner values did not. In contrast, the criteria that homeowners articulated as important in their management decisions, including aesthetics, wildlife, neatness and food provision, significantly predicted cultivated species richness. Strikingly, the composition of plant species that people cultivated in their yards resembled the taxonomic and phylogenetic composition of species available commercially. In contrast, the taxonomic and phylogenetic composition of spontaneous species showed high similarity to natural areas. The large fraction of introduced species that homeowners planted was a likely consequence of what was available for them to purchase. The study links the composition and diversity of yard flora to their natural and anthropogenic sources and sheds light on the human factors and values that influence the plant diversity in residential areas of a major urban system. Enhanced understanding of the influences of the sources of plants, both native and introduced, that enter urban systems and the human factors and values that influence their diversity is critical to identifying the levers to manage urban biodiversity and ecosystem services.