Recurrent zoonotic transmission of Nipah virus into humans, Bangladesh, 2001-2007.
Recurrent zoonotic transmission of Nipah virus into humans, Bangladesh, 2001-2007.
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DOI：
10.3201/eid1508.081237
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发表时间：
2009-08
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Rahman M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Luby SP;Hossain MJ;Gurley ES;Ahmed BN;Banu S;Khan SU;Homaira N;Rota PA;Rollin PE;Comer JA;Kenah E;Ksiazek TG;Rahman M
超过一半的已发现病例是人际传播造成的。人类尼帕疫情在孟加拉国的特定地区和一年中的特定时间反复发生。果蝠是尼帕病毒的储存宿主。从 2001 年到 2007 年，我们发现尼帕病毒有 23 次传入孟加拉国中部和西北部的人群。其中 10 次传入影响了多人（中位数为 10 人）。疾病发作发生在 12 月至 5 月，但并非每年都有。我们发现了 122 例人类尼帕病毒感染病例。病例患者的平均年龄为27岁； 87 人（71%）死亡。 62 名 (51%) 尼帕病毒感染患者在与另一名尼帕病例患者密切接触后 5-15 天发病。九名 (7%) 尼帕病例患者将病毒传播给其他人。呼吸困难的尼帕病例患者比没有呼吸困难的患者更有可能传播尼帕病毒（12% vs. 0%，p = 0.03）。尽管少数感染者传播尼帕病毒，但超过一半的确诊病例是人际传播造成的。需要采取干预措施来防止病毒从蝙蝠传播到人类以及人与人之间。
More than half of identified cases result from person-to-person transmission. Human Nipah outbreaks recur in a specific region and time of year in Bangladesh. Fruit bats are the reservoir host for Nipah virus. We identified 23 introductions of Nipah virus into human populations in central and northwestern Bangladesh from 2001 through 2007. Ten introductions affected multiple persons (median 10). Illness onset occurred from December through May but not every year. We identified 122 cases of human Nipah infection. The mean age of case-patients was 27 years; 87 (71%) died. In 62 (51%) Nipah virus–infected patients, illness developed 5–15 days after close contact with another Nipah case-patient. Nine (7%) Nipah case-patients transmitted virus to others. Nipah case-patients who had difficulty breathing were more likely than those without respiratory difficulty to transmit Nipah (12% vs. 0%, p = 0.03). Although a small minority of infected patients transmit Nipah virus, more than half of identified cases result from person-to-person transmission. Interventions to prevent virus transmission from bats to humans and from person to person are needed.