State of equity: childhood immunization in the World Health Organization African Region.
State of equity: childhood immunization in the World Health Organization African Region.
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DOI：
10.11604/pamj.supp.2017.27.3.12114
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Wallace AS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Casey RM;Hampton LM;Anya BM;Gacic-Dobo M;Diallo MS;Wallace AS
2010年，《全球疫苗行动计划》呼吁所有国家在2015年前使第三剂白喉-破伤风-百日咳疫苗(DTP3)的全国覆盖率达到90%，在所有地区保持80%的覆盖率，并在2020年前将所有疫苗纳入国家免疫时间表。这项研究的目的是分析世界卫生组织非洲区域国家疫苗接种覆盖率的最新趋势，并评估这些趋势按国家收入类别有何不同。我们比较了从世界卫生组织(WHO)/联合国儿童基金会(儿基会)对所有非洲区域国家的国家免疫覆盖率联合估计获得的DTP3和第一剂麻疹疫苗(MCV)的国家疫苗接种覆盖率估计数。使用联合国(UN)估计的存活婴儿人口和国家收入类别，我们计算了2000、2005、2010和2015年按国家收入类别(即低收入、中低收入和中上收入)划分的人口加权平均疫苗接种覆盖率。非洲地区的DTP3覆盖率从2000年的52%增加到2015年的76%，同期MCV1覆盖率从53%增加到74%，但各国之间存在相当大的差异。2000年，36个非洲区域国家属于低收入国家，平均DTP3覆盖率为50%，而2015年有26个国家属于低收入国家，平均覆盖率为80%。2000年有5个国家属于中低收入国家，平均DTP3覆盖率为84%；2015年有12个国家属于中低收入国家，平均覆盖率为69%。2000年有5个国家属于中等偏上收入国家，平均DTP3覆盖率为73%，2015年有8个国家属于中等偏上收入国家，平均覆盖率为76%。在非洲区域，按国家划分的疫苗接种覆盖率差距依然存在，2015年，中等收入水平较低的国家的疫苗覆盖率平均最低。监测和解决这些差距对于实现全球免疫目标至关重要。
In 2010, the Global Vaccine Action Plan called on all countries to reach and sustain 90% national coverage and 80% coverage in all districts for the third dose of diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine (DTP3) by 2015 and for all vaccines in national immunization schedules by 2020. The aims of this study are to analyze recent trends in national vaccination coverage in the World Health Organization African Region andto assess how these trends differ by country income category. We compared national vaccination coverage estimates for DTP3 and the first dose of measles-containing vaccine (MCV) obtained from the World Health Organization (WHO)/United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) joint estimates of national immunization coverage for all African Region countries. Using United Nations (UN) population estimates of surviving infants and country income category for the corresponding year, we calculated population-weighted average vaccination coverage by country income category (i.e., low, lower middle, and upper middle-income) for the years 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015. DTP3 coverage in the African Region increased from 52% in 2000 to 76% in 2015,and MCV1 coverage increased from 53% to 74% during the same period, but with considerable differences among countries. Thirty-six African Region countries were low income in 2000 with an average DTP3 coverage of 50% while 26 were low income in 2015 with an average coverage of 80%. Five countries were lower middle-income in 2000 with an average DTP3 coverage of 84% while 12 were lower middle-income in 2015 with an average coverage of 69%. Five countries were upper middle-income in 2000 with an average DTP3 coverage of 73% and eight were upper middle-income in 2015 with an average coverage of 76%. Disparities in vaccination coverage by country persist in the African Region, with countries that were lower middle-income having the lowest coverage on average in 2015. Monitoring and addressing these disparities is essential for meeting global immunization targets.