Phytolith evidence for human-plant subsistence in Yahuai Cave (Guangxi, South China) over the past 30000 years
Phytolith evidence for human-plant subsistence in Yahuai Cave (Guangxi, South China) over the past 30000 years
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芽槐洞（中国南方广西）过去3万年来人类与植物生存的植硅体证据
DOI：
10.1007/s11430-020-9640-3
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发表时间：
2020-07
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Miriam BELMAKER
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yan WU;Guangmao XIE;Limi MAO;Zhijun ZHAO;Miriam BELMAKER
华南地区保存了丰富的考古记录，阐明了晚更新世早期现代人类的进化。然而，在该地区进行的植物利用的研究很少。通过对广西牙怀洞植硅体的分析，推测了3万年来人类对植物资源的利用。AMS 14 C测年被用来限制时间框架。结果表明，几个经济上重要的物种存在于整个序列，包括荨麻亚科（cf. Ulmussp.），它出现在序列的下层（海洋同位素阶段3到海因里希1）;竹子和棕榈出现在整个序列中，野生稻出现在一个明确的考古背景中，可以追溯到16000年前。这是华南野生稻的最早记录，也是水稻驯化的前提。这些独特的石器组合，与中国北方的石器组合相类似，而不是中国南方的石器组合，这表明人类可能是为了躲避寒冷的北方，带着他们的工具箱，并利用熟悉的北方分类群。更温暖的华南将成为人们逃离北方寒冷恶劣气候的避难所，而南方的条件则会更好。
South China preserves a rich archaeological record elucidating the evolution of early modern humans during the Late Pleistocene. However, few studies on plant utilization were conducted in this region. We used phytolith analysis from Yahuai Cave, Guangxi, to infer human use of plant resources over the past 30000 years. AMS14C dating was used to constrain the chronological framework. Results indicate that several economically essential species were present throughout the sequence including Urticineae (cf.Ulmussp.), which appears in the lower layers of the sequence (Marine Isotope Stage 3 through Heinrich 1); bamboo and palm which appear throughout the sequence, and wild rice which appears in a clear archaeological context dating to 16000 years ago. This is the earliest record of wild rice in South China and a prerequisite for rice domestication. The unique stone tool assemblages, which resemble those in north China as opposed to South China, point to the possibility that humans, seeking refuge from the colder north, brought their tool kit with them and utilized familiar northern taxa. Warmer South China would have served as a refuge for human populations escaping the cold, harsh climate in the north with more ameliorate conditions in the south.
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