Experimental vertical transmission of West Nile virus by Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae)
Experimental vertical transmission of West Nile virus by Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae)
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DOI：
10.1603/0022-2585-39.4.640
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发表时间：
2002-07-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Turell, MJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dohm, DJ;Sardelis, MR;Turell, MJ
尽管2000年2月在纽约越冬的淡色库蚊中检测到了西尼罗河（WN）病毒，但这种病毒在整个冬季持续存在并在第二年春天在脊椎动物宿主和媒介中引发感染的机制仍然未知。吸血后，经产的蚊子通常要到春天才能存活，并且只有一小部分蚊子会发生性营养解离。为了研究垂直传播作为流行期间病毒生存的一种手段，我们胸腔内接种了 Cx。 pipiens 和白纹伊蚊 (Skuse) 感染了 WN 病毒，随后测试了它们的 F 后代是否存在病毒。在 Cx 中。在 pipiens 中，我们从 1,417 个在 18°C 饲养的成年后代中的 2 个中回收了病毒，其最小子代感染率 (MFIR) 约为 1.4/1,000，并从 1,873 个在 26°C 下饲养的成年后代中的 4 个回收了病毒 (MFIR = 2.1/1,000)。阳性池的平均病毒滴度为 10(5.6) 空斑形成单位 (PFU)/mI（对于阳性蚊子，=10(5.9) PFU/蚊子）。总体而言，Cx 的 MFIR 约为 1.8/1,000。 pipiens。尽管报告表明 Ae.白纹伊蚊在日本脑炎病毒复合体中垂直传播多种病毒，但我们在超过 13,000 个接种 WN 病毒的 F1 后代样本中没有检测到 WN 病毒。女性 Cx。在夏末垂直感染并在冬季存活下来的 pipiens 可能作为 WN 病毒的来源，在来年春天启动感染周期。
Despite the detection of West Nile (WN) virus in overwintering Culex pipiens L. in New York in February 2000, the mechanism by which this virus persists throughout the winter to initiate infections in vertebrate hosts and vectors the following spring remains unknown. After a blood meal, parous mosquitoes generally do not survive until spring and gonotrophic dissociation occurs in only a small percentage of the population. To investigate vertical transmission as a means of viral survival during interepizootics, we intrathoracically inoculated Cx. pipiens and Aedes albopictus (Skuse) with WN virus and subsequently tested their F, progeny for the presence of virus. Among the Cx. pipiens, we recovered virus from two of 1,417 adult progeny that bad been reared at 18degreesC for a minimal filial infection rate (MFIR) of approximate to1.4/1,000 and four of 1,873 adult progeny reared at 26degreesC (MFIR = 2.1/1,000). The mean titer of the positive pools was 10(5.6) plaque-forming units (PFU)/mI (=10(5.9) PFU/ mosquito for positive mosquitoes) of virus. Overall, the MFIR was approximate to1.8/ 1,000 for Cx. pipiens. Although reports indicate that Ae. albopictus vertically transmit various viruses in the Japanese encephalitis virus complex, we did not detect WN virus in any of > 13,000 F1 progeny of WN virus-inoculated specimens. Female Cx. pipiens that are vertically infected during the late summer season and then survive the winter could serve as a source of WN virus to initiate an infection cycle the following spring.